摘要
人体绒毛膜促性腺激素及其变种是妊娠试验,妊娠相关并发症,滋养细胞疾病,唐氏综合征产前筛查和兴奋剂控制的标志。 在妊娠发展或肿瘤的进展/缓解期间,诊断方法强烈要求监测尿和血中人体绒毛膜促性腺激素蛋白质主链变种及其糖基化构体绝对和相对水平的动态变化。商业诊断免疫结果间的差异反映了不同代谢hCG变体的不等摩尔识别 ,尤其是hCGβ核心片段(hCGβcf)诊断(Abs)的抗体,因为抗原表位不是标准化和次优hCG标准被使用。快速鉴定Abs的表位识别和特异性来评估其是否适合一个比较诊断免疫表位作图程序 ,已开发使用表位定义的参考抗体。诊断性用性表的比较表位定位 Abs提供标准化的诊断抗原的基础领域/抗原表位,从而改善促性测量的可靠性。诊断第一线的检测,可能是由对ABS识别分别在相邻的肽环1顶部和3(ł1 3)和胱氨酸结(CK)HCGβ 特定抗原表位。在未来,复杂的糖蛋白例如hCG免疫结果可靠性的显著改善、坚固性和可比性分析将实现,通过标准化的使用(i)诊断Abs反对教条的抗原表位和(ii)摩尔单位校准的人类绒毛膜促性腺及五hCG变体的新国际标准。
关键词: 怀孕测试、抗体标准化比较抗原决定基映射
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Standardization of Epitopes for Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) Immunoassays
Volume: 23 Issue: 30
Author(s): Peter Berger, Adrian J. Lapthorn
Affiliation:
关键词: 怀孕测试、抗体标准化比较抗原决定基映射
摘要: hCG and its variants are markers for pregnancy tests, pregnancyrelated complications, trophoblastic diseases, pre-natal screening of Down’s syndrome and doping controls. Strong demands are imposed on diagnostic methods by the dynamic changes in the absolute and relative levels of hCG protein backbone variants and glycosylation isoforms in serum and urine during development of pregnancy or the progression/remission of tumors. Observed differences in the results between commercial diagnostic immunoassays reflect the unequal molar recognition of the different metabolic hCG variants, in particular the hCG beta core fragment (hCGβcf), by the diagnostic antibodies (Abs), as their epitopes are not standardized, and the fact that suboptimal hCG standards are used. To rapidly characterize Abs by their epitope recognition and specificity to evaluate their suitability for diagnostic immunoassays a procedure of comparative epitope mapping has been developed using epitope-defined reference Abs. Comparative epitope mapping of diagnostic Abs will provide the basis for the standardization of diagnostic antigenic domains/epitopes and consequently for improved reliability of hCG measurements. Diagnostic first line assays likely consist of pairs of Abs that recognize specific epitopes at the top of the neighboring peptide loops 1 and 3 (Ł1+3) and the cystine knot (ck) of hCGβ, respectively. In future, significant improvements of reliability, robustness and comparability of the results of immunoassays for complex glycoproteins such as hCG will be achieved by the use (i) of standardized diagnostic Abs against welldefined epitopes and (ii) of the new International Standards for hCG and for five hCG variants established by WHO, that are calibrated in molar (SI) units.
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Cite this article as:
Peter Berger, Adrian J. Lapthorn , Standardization of Epitopes for Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) Immunoassays, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 23 (30) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160530145503
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160530145503 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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