体育锻炼治疗阿尔茨海默病的神经精神障碍：可能的机制，目前的证据和未来的发展方向

Title:Physical Exercise for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disturbances in Alzheimer’s Dementia: Possible Mechanisms, Current Evidence and Future Directions

Volume: 13 Issue: 10

Author(s): Silke Matura, André F. Carvalho, Gilberto S. Alves, Johannes Pantel

Affiliation:

关键词: 阿尔茨海默氏痴呆，BPSD，体育锻炼、神经精神症状、神经生物学机制、心理机制。

摘要: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), also known as neuropsychiatric or non-cognitive symptoms are common and often distressing features of Alzheimer's Dementia. BPSD significantly increase patient suffering, early institutionalization and caregiver's burden. The clinical management of BPSD is dominated by a pharmacological approach, although these medications often come with serious adverse side-effects. There are only few nonpharmacological treatment strategies for BPSD. A substantial amount of intervention studies that have investigated non-pharmacological treatment options for BPSD have focused on physical exercise. Although these studies are very heterogeneous in terms of type and severity of dementia, as well as type and duration of the exercise intervention, the overall picture shows a positive effect of physical exercise in alleviating BPSD. There is evidence that numerous mechanisms contribute to the positive effect of physical exercise on BPSD. No attempt has been undertaken so far to give an overview of the existing knowledge regarding these mechanisms. Therefore, the current review aims to integrate the existing evidence on psychological and neurobiological mechanisms that contribute to the beneficial effects of physical exercise in ameliorating BPSD in Alzheimer's dementia. A discussion of psychological mechanisms such as improved sleep and stress reduction will be followed by a discussion of neurobiological mechanisms including the exercise induced change in neurotransmitter concentrations, increased synthesis of neurotrophins and immune activation. The review closes with recommendations for future research to overcome the shortcomings of existing studies and broaden the current knowledge on the positive effects of physical exercise on BPSD.

Cite this article as:

Silke Matura, André F. Carvalho, Gilberto S. Alves, Johannes Pantel , Physical Exercise for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disturbances in Alzheimer’s Dementia: Possible Mechanisms, Current Evidence and Future Directions, Current Alzheimer Research 2016; 13 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205013666160502123428