Title:Cross-Talking Between PPAR and WNT Signaling and its Regulation in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation
Volume: 11
Issue: 3
Author(s): Chenyuan Xu, Jing Wang, Tianjie Zhu, Yun Shen, Xiaoshan Tang, Li Fang and Yuanzhi Xu
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Adipogenesis, differentiation, mesenchymal stem cell, osteogenesis, PPAR, Wnt.
Abstract: The pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are common precursors to adipocytes and
osteoblasts. Large numbers of extracellular and intracellular signals and transcription factors moderate
adipogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. Importantly, between adipogenic and osteogenic lineage commitment
and differentiation, differentiation of MSCs into one lineage will inhibit their differentiation
toward the other lineage. This balance is regulated by numerous signaling pathways. As we know, the
peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and Wnt/β-catenin pathway are regarded as the
master moderators of adipogenesis and osteogenesis. Moreover, governing the differentiation of MSCs to adipogenesis
and osteoblastogenesis has significant implications in diverse areas of human health, from obesity to regenerative medicine
to osteoporosis. Rivalry roles have been reported of the two pathways since the downstream products activated by
Wnt-5a repress PPAR-γ transactivation through the H3K9 histone methyltransferase protein complexes. This review will
discuss the inductive and inhibitive role of PPAR-γ in adipogenesis and osteoblastogenesis respectively, as well as the canonical
Wnt/β-catenin pathway.