Title:Recent Updates on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor δ Agonists for the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Author(s): Ajmer S. Grewal, Meenu Beniwal, Deepti Pandita, Bhupinder S. Sekhon and Viney Lather
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Diabetes, metabolic syndrome, besity, PPARs, PPARδ, selective PPARδ agonists.
Abstract: Metabolic syndrome is a disorder described by reduced insulin sensitivity, overweight, hyperlipidaemia,
high blood pressure and myocardial disorders, mainly due to high fat diet and lack of
physical activity. The peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are type II nuclear hormone
receptors that regulate a number of processes in living systems, such as metabolism of carbohydrates
and fatty acids, growth and differentiation of cell, and inflammatory reactions. Alpha, gamma
and delta are the three distinct isoforms of PPAR. The stimulation of PPARδ alters body’s energy fuel preference from
glucose to fat. The PPARδ isoform is expressed ubiquitously in all tissues, especially in those tissues which involved in
metabolism of lipids like adipose tissue, liver, kidney, and muscle. Currently, PPARδ is an emerging therapeutic target for
the pharmacological therapy of disorders associated with metabolic syndrome. Several PPARδ selective agonists had been
reported in last ten years, many of them had been advanced into the late phase of clinical trials such as Endurobol
(GW501516). However, no PPARδ agonists are yet approved for human use. The present work had been planned to cover
wide variety of PPARδ agonists reported till now along with their potential role to tackle various metabolic disorders. The
present review has been planned to focus mainly the most popular PPARδ agonists.