Title:Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Inflamed Microenvironment: Potentials and Challenges for Regeneration
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Author(s): Yuan Zhou, Liwei Zheng, Xuedong Zhou, Jiyao Li and Xin Xu
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Dental mesenchymal stem cells, inflammation, lipopolysaccharide, regeneration.
Abstract: Adult dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) are multi-potent stem cells that are involved
in dental tissue repair and regeneration. DMSCs are able to differentiate into multiple lineages, including
odontogenic, osteogenic, neurogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, hepatogenic lineages and insulinproducing
cells. However, the DMSCs from functioning, impacted or exfoliated teeth may not be
available when needed. Recently, DMSCs have been found in pulpal, periapical and periodontal tissue
with inflammation from deciduous and immature/mature permanent teeth. DMSCs from inflamed tissue
(iDMSCs) possess typical stem cell characteristics while they showing varied properties. Whether iDMSCs are comparable
to healthy DMSCs and can be used for regeneration are not clear. Studies on the impact of infection/inflammation
in the local microenvironment on DMSCs are widely conducted to investigate the specific influences and underlying
mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we introduced the discovery of iDMSCs from different sources, and also
discussed the influence of dental inflammation and associated immune responses, particularly the effect from lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) stimulation, on local DMSCs. In addition, the effects of dental procedures and materials on DMSCs are discussed.
