Title:Biomaterial and Mesenchymal Stem Cell for Articular Cartilage Reconstruction
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Author(s): Yun Shen, Yao Fu, Jing Wang, Guo Li, Xu Zhang, Yuanzhi Xu and Yunfeng Lin
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Articular cartilage, chondrogenic differentiation, hypertrophy, mesenchymal stem cells, regenerative medicine,
tissue engineering.
Abstract: Cartilage has poor ability of spontaneous repair. Traditional treatments such as microfracture, bone drilling and
autologous osteochondral graft were not fully satisfactory to fulfill the clinical needs. The idea of mesenchymal stem cell
(MSCs-based cartilage regeneration has been put forward for decades. Large number of studies have been conducted on
the biological properties of MSCs, the factors which might facilitate chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs, as well as the
scaffold materials for tissue engineering. Promising results have been reported for cartilage repair in animal models. But
before massive clinical application of MSCs, more efforts are needed on: differentiation improvement toward mature cartilage
chondrocytes instead of hypertrophic chondrocyes and in vitro/in vivo phenotype maintenance; engineering an ideal
biomaterial, which can meet the needs of the cartilage regeneration; and performing more studies on critical defects of
large animals.
