Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are present in all mammalian cell plasma membranes and intracellular membrane structures. They are especially concentrated in plasma membrane lipid domains that are specialized for cell signaling. Plasma membranes show typical structures called rafts and caveola domain structures, with large amounts of sphingolipids, cholesterol, and sphingomyelin in the cell membranes. Plasma membranes have two faces, many kinds of receptors for intercellular signal transducers such as GPI-anchored proteins on the exoplasmic faces of the rafts/caveolae and src family kinases on the cytosolic face. Thus they play a role in transmembrane signal transduction, following the phosphorylation of some substrates and gene expression. On the other hand, their functions have become clear through the study of gene-manipulated mice. For further advances, a visual method to display diversity of biological functions is necessary. For this purpose, the use of high-performance microscopes and live cell imaging technologies are useful for more detailed understanding.
Keywords: Glycosphingolipids, embryonic lethality, development, neuronal function, mammalian cell plasma, cell signaling, phingolipids, sphingomyelin, GPI-anchored proteins, gene expression, gene-manipulated mice, biological functions, eukaryotic cells, nervous system
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Title:Recent Advances in the Study of Glycosphingolipids
Volume: 13 Issue: 14
Author(s): Tadashi Yamashita
Affiliation:
Keywords: Glycosphingolipids, embryonic lethality, development, neuronal function, mammalian cell plasma, cell signaling, phingolipids, sphingomyelin, GPI-anchored proteins, gene expression, gene-manipulated mice, biological functions, eukaryotic cells, nervous system
Abstract: Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are present in all mammalian cell plasma membranes and intracellular membrane structures. They are especially concentrated in plasma membrane lipid domains that are specialized for cell signaling. Plasma membranes show typical structures called rafts and caveola domain structures, with large amounts of sphingolipids, cholesterol, and sphingomyelin in the cell membranes. Plasma membranes have two faces, many kinds of receptors for intercellular signal transducers such as GPI-anchored proteins on the exoplasmic faces of the rafts/caveolae and src family kinases on the cytosolic face. Thus they play a role in transmembrane signal transduction, following the phosphorylation of some substrates and gene expression. On the other hand, their functions have become clear through the study of gene-manipulated mice. For further advances, a visual method to display diversity of biological functions is necessary. For this purpose, the use of high-performance microscopes and live cell imaging technologies are useful for more detailed understanding.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Yamashita Tadashi, Recent Advances in the Study of Glycosphingolipids, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2012; 13 (14) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920101314151120122928
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920101314151120122928 |
Print ISSN 1389-2010 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4316 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Artificial Intelligence in Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that analyzes and explores biological data. This field combines biology and information system. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has attracted great attention as it tries to replicate human intelligence. It has become common technology for analyzing and solving complex data and problems and encompasses sub-fields of machine ...read more
Latest Advancements in Biotherapeutics
The scope of this thematic issue is to comprehensively explore the rapidly evolving landscape of biotherapeutics, emphasizing breakthroughs in precision medicine. Encompassing diverse therapeutic modalities, the issue will delve into the latest developments in monoclonal antibodies, CRISPR/Cas gene editing, CAR-T cell therapies, and innovative drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticle-based ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Biophysics of Parkinsons Disease: Structure and Aggregation of α- Synuclein
Current Protein & Peptide Science Other Proteins Involved in Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders
Current Protein & Peptide Science Neuroferritinopathy: Update on Clinical Features and Pathogenesis
Current Drug Targets PLA2G6 Mutations and Other Rare Causes of Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation
Current Drug Targets Diabetic Gastroenteropathy: Soothe the Symptoms or Unravel a Cure?
Current Diabetes Reviews The Role of Peroxidation of Mitochondrial Membrane Phospholipids in Pancreatic β -Cell Failure
Current Diabetes Reviews Diabetic Neuropathy: Update on Pathophysiological Mechanism and the Possible Involvement of Glutamate Pathways
Current Diabetes Reviews Involvement of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2, Calcium Independent Phospholipase A2 and Plasmalogen Selective Phospholipase A2 in Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Conditions
Current Medicinal Chemistry Role for Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Activation in Diabetic Nephropathy, Neuropathy and Retinopathy
Current Vascular Pharmacology Group VI Phospholipases A2: Homeostatic Phospholipases with Significant Potential as Targets for Novel Therapeutics
Current Drug Targets Leptin- and Leptin Receptor-Deficient Rodent Models: Relevance for Human Type 2 Diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews Neurodegeneration in Niemann-Pick Type C Disease and Huntingtons Disease: Impact of Defects in Membrane Trafficking
Current Drug Targets Parkinson Disease Genetics: A "Continuum" from Mendelian to Multifactorial Inheritance
Current Molecular Medicine Genetics and Pathophysiology of Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA)
Current Neuropharmacology Aceruloplasminemia
Current Drug Targets Lafora Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy: Recent Insights into Cell Degeneration
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Cholesterol Homeostasis Failure in the Brain: Implications for Synaptic Dysfunction and Cognitive Decline
Current Medicinal Chemistry α-Synuclein Misfolding and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Current Protein & Peptide Science Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration
Current Drug Targets β-Synuclein Assembly as a Therapeutic Target of Parkinsons Disease and Related Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design