Title:Recent Advances in Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement: A Review on Aortic and Mitral Implantation
Volume: 5
Issue: 3
Author(s): Munirah Ismail, Jimmy Kim Fatt Hon, Zhi Wei Chan and Hwa Liang Leo
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Percutaneous, hemodynamic, stenosis, regurgitation, heart valve disease, clinical trial, aortic valve replacement,
mitral valve replacement, valve prosthesis, valved stent, mock circulatory system, catheterisation, minimally invasive, valve
design, heart valve implantation.
Abstract: Heart valve disease is a serious problem, especially in aging societies. If left untreated, many patients can die
from the disease itself or complications associated with it. However, many are denied open-heart replacement surgeries
due to advanced age and co-morbidities. Thus, other solutions had to be explored. One successful solution is transcatheter
heart valve implantation and is now seen as the only viable treatment. Transcatheter heart valve implantation is a
minimally invasive technique of inserting an artificial heart valve by means of a catheter without requiring open heart
surgery. However, challenges are always there with every successful technology. Obstacles that need to be overcome
include anatomical constraints, appropriate delivery technique, satisfactory performance of the transcatheter heart valve
and so on. In this review, these challenges associated with aortic and mitral valve will be analyzed due to the prevalence
of the diseases associated with them. On top of that, design considerations, hemodynamic performance and current stateof-
the-art and recent patents of aortic and mitral valves are discussed, with particular emphasis on their engineering
aspects.
