Title:The Interplay Between Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Carcinogenesis
Volume: 12
Issue: 6
Author(s): S. Nowsheen, K. Aziz, T. B. Kryston, N. F. Ferguson and A. Georgakilas
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Carcinogenesis, DNA damage, genomic instability, inflammation, oxidative stress, tumor
microenvironment, homeostasis, tumorigenesis, cell proliferation, apoptosis, neoplasia, malignant phenotype, mutagenesis, metastasis, DNA mutations
Abstract: Emerging data suggest that primary dysfunction in the tumor microenvironment is crucial for
carcinogenesis. These recent findings make a compelling case for targeting the milieu for cancer
chemoprevention as well as therapy. The stroma is an integral part of its physiology, and functionally, one
cannot totally dissociate the tumor surrounding from the tumor cells. A thorough understanding of the tumor
and stroma will aid us in developing new treatment targets. In this review, we shed light at the key aspects of
the carcinogenic process and how oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to this process. We dissect the
connection between metastasis and oxidative stress and focus on the key players in the tumor
microenvironment that leads to inflammation, oxidative stress and DNA damage. Moreover, we consider the
role of inflammation in disease, specifically cancer and metastasis. Finally, we discuss the potential
applications in prognosis and cancer treatment.