Abstract
The limitations of current anti-retroviral therapies (ART) and the lack of a valid anti-HIV-1 vaccine candidate underscore the need for new therapeutic concepts aiming at the eradication of HIV-1, which represents at the same time an ideal goal and a major challenge for AIDS research. At present, this aim is unattainable due to the existence of cellular and anatomical reservoirs of persistent infection. Memory CD4+ T cells comprise the largest pool of cells harboring silent, stably integrated HIV-1, which remains undetected by the immune system and refractory to conventional anti-retroviral drugs. The eradication of latent HIV-1 reservoirs will require new, potent and specific therapeutic strategies, which in turn must rely upon a deeper understanding of HIV-1 latency. To facilitate the advancement of our knowledge in this new area of research, several in vitro models of HIV-1 latency in CD4+ T cells have been established. Here, we dissect and critically compare the rationale behind each experimental approach. Furthermore, we outline new avenues of research that will benefit from these models, including the push toward the development of new classes of viral eradication drugs.
Keywords: HIV-1, latency, in vitro models, HAART, CD4+ T CELLS, Cell line-based models, RNA, proviruses, ANALYSIS, co-stimuli, infection
Current HIV Research
Title: Models of HIV-1 Persistence in the CD4+ T Cell Compartment: Past, Present and Future
Volume: 9 Issue: 8
Author(s): Mudit Tyagi and Fabio Romerio
Affiliation:
Keywords: HIV-1, latency, in vitro models, HAART, CD4+ T CELLS, Cell line-based models, RNA, proviruses, ANALYSIS, co-stimuli, infection
Abstract: The limitations of current anti-retroviral therapies (ART) and the lack of a valid anti-HIV-1 vaccine candidate underscore the need for new therapeutic concepts aiming at the eradication of HIV-1, which represents at the same time an ideal goal and a major challenge for AIDS research. At present, this aim is unattainable due to the existence of cellular and anatomical reservoirs of persistent infection. Memory CD4+ T cells comprise the largest pool of cells harboring silent, stably integrated HIV-1, which remains undetected by the immune system and refractory to conventional anti-retroviral drugs. The eradication of latent HIV-1 reservoirs will require new, potent and specific therapeutic strategies, which in turn must rely upon a deeper understanding of HIV-1 latency. To facilitate the advancement of our knowledge in this new area of research, several in vitro models of HIV-1 latency in CD4+ T cells have been established. Here, we dissect and critically compare the rationale behind each experimental approach. Furthermore, we outline new avenues of research that will benefit from these models, including the push toward the development of new classes of viral eradication drugs.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Tyagi Mudit and Romerio Fabio, Models of HIV-1 Persistence in the CD4+ T Cell Compartment: Past, Present and Future, Current HIV Research 2011; 9 (8) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016211798998754
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016211798998754 |
Print ISSN 1570-162X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4251 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
HIV vaccine development
The development of a safe and effective vaccine that impedes HIV-1 transmission and/or limits the severity of infection remains a public health priority. The HIV-1/AIDS pandemic continues to have a disproportionate impact on vulnerable and under-served communities in the USA and globally. In the USA, minority communities that have relatively ...read more
Lymphomas in people living with HIV (PLWH)
In the era of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), the incidence of lymphoma among people living with HIV (PLWH) surpassed Kaposi's sarcoma in 2011, becoming the most common AIDS-defining malignancy. The annual incidence rate ranges approximately from 100 to 300 per 100,000 individuals with HIV infection as the population denominator, which ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Imaging of Hypoxia Using PET and MRI
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Analysis of Adverse Events Related to 720 Cases of Neural Progenitor Cell Transplantation
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets β-Lactams as Neuroprotective Agents
Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Lycorine and its Derivatives for Anticancer Drug Design
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Anticancer Antioxidant Regulatory Functions of Phytochemicals
Current Medicinal Chemistry An Update of the Classical and Novel Methods Used for Measuring Fast Neurotransmitters During Normal and Brain Altered Function
Current Neuropharmacology Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer. From the Preclinical Setting to Clinical Practice
Current Cancer Drug Targets The Impact of Oxidative Stress on Islet Transplantation and Monitoring the Graft Survival by Non-Invasive Imaging
Current Medicinal Chemistry Targeting the EGFR-family for Therapy: Biological Challenges and Clinical Perspective
Current Pharmaceutical Design Clearing the Brains Cobwebs: The Role of Autophagy in Neuroprotection
Current Neuropharmacology Inhibition of Tumor Angiogenesis by Antibodies, Synthetic Small Molecules and Natural Products
Current Medicinal Chemistry Identification and Analysis of RNA Editing Events in Ovarian Serous Cystadenoma Using RNA-seq Data
Current Gene Therapy Prodrugs and Endogenous Transporters: Are They Suitable Tools for Drug Targeting into the Central Nervous System?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nanoliposome is a Promising Carrier of Protein and Peptide Biomolecule for the Treatment of Cancer
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Polo-Like Kinases (Plks) are Prognostic Markers for Gynecologic Malignancies
Current Women`s Health Reviews Solving the Blood-Brain Barrier Challenge for the Effective Treatment of HIV Replication in the Central Nervous System
Current Pharmaceutical Design Immunologic Diseases and Brain Tumors
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Protein Kinase C as a Drug Target Implications for Drug or Diet Prevention and Treatment of Cancer
Current Drug Targets Metabolic Targeting of Cancers: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies
Current Medicinal Chemistry Intractable Cancers: The Many Faces of Multidrug Resistance and the Many Targets it Presents for Therapeutic Attack
Current Drug Targets