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Current Medicinal Chemistry - Central Nervous System Agents

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1568-0150
ISSN (Online): 1875-6158

Neurotoxicity: The Broad Framework of Electron Transfer, Oxidative Stress and Protection by Antioxidants

Author(s): Peter Kovacic and Ratnasamy Somanathan

Volume 5, Issue 4, 2005

Page: [249 - 258] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/156801505774913044

Price: $65

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Abstract

A broad overview of neurotoxins is presented based on electron transfer, reactive oxygen species, and oxidative stress. Although mode of action is complex, these aspects evidently play an important role in many cases. It is relevant that metabolites from toxins generally possess electron transfer functionalities which can participate in redox cycling. Much evidence exists in support of the theoretical framework. Toxic effects at the molecular level include lipid peroxidation, DNA attack, adduction, enzyme inhibition, oxidative attack on the CNS, and cell signaling. The toxins fall into many categories, including drugs, industrial chemicals, abused drugs, reproductive toxins, metal compounds, pesticides, and herbicides. Beneficial effects of antioxidants are documented, which may prove clinically useful. Knowledge of mechanisms operating in CNS insults should prove useful in drug design.

Keywords: Nerve toxins, oxidative stress, radicals, electron transfer, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant


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