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Abstract
Non-fasting triglycerides are measured at any time within up to 8 h (14 h) after any normal meal, while postprandial triglycerides are measured at a fixed time point within up to 8 h (14 h) of a standardised fat tolerance test. The simplest possible way of evaluating remnant cholesterol is non-fasting/postprandial total cholesterol minus low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Elevated levels of non-fasting/ postprandial triglycerides directly correlate with elevated remnant cholesterol. In the general population, 38% of men have non-fasting/postprandial triglycerides > 2mmol/L ( > 176 mg/dL) while 45% of men have non-fasting/postprandial triglyceride levels of 1-2 mmol/L (89-176 mg/dL); corresponding fractions in women are 20% and 47%. Also, 31% of men have remnant cholesterol levels > 1mmol/L ( > 39 mg/dL) while 46% of men have remnant cholesterol levels of 0.5-1 mmol/L (19-39 mg/dL); corresponding fractions in women are 15% and 43%. Non-fasting triglycerides ≥5 mmol/L vs. < 1 mmol/L marked a 17 and 5 fold increased risk of myocardial infarction, a 5 and 3 fold increased risk of ischemic stroke, and a 4 and 2 fold increased risk of early death in women and men in the general population. As all cells can degrade triglycerides it is biologically unlikely that it is the triglyceride molecules themselves that cause atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. However, elevated remnant cholesterol may lead to cholesterol entrapment in the arterial intima and consequently to accelerated atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
Keywords: Apolipoproteins, cardiovascular disease, lipids, lipoproteins, non-fasting, postprandial, remnant lipoproteins, triglycerides, postprandial triglycerides, arterial Intima
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: Clinical Relevance of Non-Fasting and Postprandial Hypertriglyceridemia and Remnant Cholesterol
Volume: 9 Issue: 3
Author(s): Borge G. Nordestgaard and Jacob J. Freiberg
Affiliation:
Keywords: Apolipoproteins, cardiovascular disease, lipids, lipoproteins, non-fasting, postprandial, remnant lipoproteins, triglycerides, postprandial triglycerides, arterial Intima
Abstract: Non-fasting triglycerides are measured at any time within up to 8 h (14 h) after any normal meal, while postprandial triglycerides are measured at a fixed time point within up to 8 h (14 h) of a standardised fat tolerance test. The simplest possible way of evaluating remnant cholesterol is non-fasting/postprandial total cholesterol minus low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Elevated levels of non-fasting/ postprandial triglycerides directly correlate with elevated remnant cholesterol. In the general population, 38% of men have non-fasting/postprandial triglycerides > 2mmol/L ( > 176 mg/dL) while 45% of men have non-fasting/postprandial triglyceride levels of 1-2 mmol/L (89-176 mg/dL); corresponding fractions in women are 20% and 47%. Also, 31% of men have remnant cholesterol levels > 1mmol/L ( > 39 mg/dL) while 46% of men have remnant cholesterol levels of 0.5-1 mmol/L (19-39 mg/dL); corresponding fractions in women are 15% and 43%. Non-fasting triglycerides ≥5 mmol/L vs. < 1 mmol/L marked a 17 and 5 fold increased risk of myocardial infarction, a 5 and 3 fold increased risk of ischemic stroke, and a 4 and 2 fold increased risk of early death in women and men in the general population. As all cells can degrade triglycerides it is biologically unlikely that it is the triglyceride molecules themselves that cause atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. However, elevated remnant cholesterol may lead to cholesterol entrapment in the arterial intima and consequently to accelerated atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
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Cite this article as:
G. Nordestgaard Borge and J. Freiberg Jacob, Clinical Relevance of Non-Fasting and Postprandial Hypertriglyceridemia and Remnant Cholesterol, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2011; 9 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016111795495585
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016111795495585 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
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