Title: Dimethyl-Carbamic Acid 2,3-Bis-Dimethylcarbamoyloxy-6-(4-Ethyl-Piperazine- 1-Carbonyl)-Phenyl Ester: A Novel Multi-Target Therapeutic Approach to Neuroprotection
Volume: 6
Issue: 3
Author(s): Laurent Lecanu, Laurent Tillement, Althea McCourty, Georges Rammouz, Wenguo Yao, Janet Greeson and Vassilios Papadopoulos
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Alzheimer's disease, Antioxidant, Blood-brain barrier, Microdialysis, Mitochondria, Prodrug, Sigma-1 receptor
Abstract: We report herein the synthesis and biological evaluation of dimethyl-carbamic acid 2,3-bis-dimethylcarbamoyloxy- 6-(4-ethyl-piperazine-1-carbonyl)-phenyl ester (SP-04), a new drug candidate that is designed to offer a multi-target therapeutic neuroprotective approach as a treatment for Alzheimer ’ s disease (AD). SP-04 inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity both in vitro and in vivo, and induces a dose-dependent increase in Ach levels. SP-04 releases the metabolite 4-(4-ethyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1-(2,3,4-trihydroxy-phenyl)-butan-1-one (SP-04m). Both SP-04 and SP-04m are 1-receptor antagonists supporting their interest in relieving symptoms related to psychosis, a non-cognitive condition often associated with AD. SP-04m displays important antioxidant properties and both SP-04 and SP-04m offers neuroprotection against Aβ1-42 toxicity in various neuronal cell lines. In addition, both SP-04 and SP-04m protect neuronal cells and rat brain mitochondria exposed to various mitochondrial respiratory chain complex toxins. Taken together these data suggest that the SP-04 multi-targeting approach might offer a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AD.
