Abstract
Neural damage is a possible consequence of general anesthesia, central nervous system blockade, and regional anesthesia. Damage may be caused by ischaemic and mechanical or chemical factors, which may occur either alone or in combination. Neural damage may be secondary to prolonged and severe arterial hypotension compromising blood supply to the cord, a spinal haematoma whose main etiological factor is a coagulation abnormality, an intraneural injection, and peripheral neuropathy related to perioperative positioning. Mechanical trauma by the needle bevel is an important factor contributing to neuropathy. Neurological complications may also result from a direct neurotoxic effect of local anesthetic agents, which is concentration and dose-dependent. A better understanding of these mechanisms will provide a reliable basis for the development of improved pharmaceutical therapy.
Keywords: Nerve Injury, Axonal Sideration, Axonotmesis, Fascicular Interruption (Neurotmesis), Ischemic Injury, Traumatic Injury, Tourniquet, Neurotoxicity
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Nerve Injury Associated with Regional Anesthesia
Volume: 1 Issue: 3
Author(s): A. Borgeat and G. Ekatodramis
Affiliation:
Keywords: Nerve Injury, Axonal Sideration, Axonotmesis, Fascicular Interruption (Neurotmesis), Ischemic Injury, Traumatic Injury, Tourniquet, Neurotoxicity
Abstract: Neural damage is a possible consequence of general anesthesia, central nervous system blockade, and regional anesthesia. Damage may be caused by ischaemic and mechanical or chemical factors, which may occur either alone or in combination. Neural damage may be secondary to prolonged and severe arterial hypotension compromising blood supply to the cord, a spinal haematoma whose main etiological factor is a coagulation abnormality, an intraneural injection, and peripheral neuropathy related to perioperative positioning. Mechanical trauma by the needle bevel is an important factor contributing to neuropathy. Neurological complications may also result from a direct neurotoxic effect of local anesthetic agents, which is concentration and dose-dependent. A better understanding of these mechanisms will provide a reliable basis for the development of improved pharmaceutical therapy.
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Cite this article as:
Borgeat A. and Ekatodramis G., Nerve Injury Associated with Regional Anesthesia, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2001; 1 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026013395272
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026013395272 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
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