Abstract
Alterations in microcirculatory permeability are a characteristic of early tissue injury. Moreover, tissue edema is an early indicator of tissue dysfunction, prior to organ failure, because tissue edema is associated with impaired gas exchange, arterial hypoxemia, and may also impair tissue oxygen distribution. As a result of increased microvascular permeability, plasma fluid is lost into the interstitial space, leading to hypovolemia. Currently, no effective pharmacological therapy is available to reduce increased permeability. High mortality rate in sepsis is still mainly associated with endothelial damage. In this regard platelets, besides leukocytes, play a major role for the development of microvascular hyperpermeability. This review considers endothelial cell dysfunction during endotoxemia including current insights into sepsis pathophysiology. New aspects of this complex pathogenesis are illustrated and their relevance for clinical sepsis therapy is emphasized.
Keywords: Endotoxemia, endothelial hyperpermeability, platelets, sepsis, coagulation
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: Microcirculatory Endothelial Dysfunction During Endotoxemia - Insights into Pathophysiology, Pathologic Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance
Volume: 5 Issue: 4
Author(s): Marcus Czabanka, Christoph Peter, Eike Martin and Andreas Walther
Affiliation:
Keywords: Endotoxemia, endothelial hyperpermeability, platelets, sepsis, coagulation
Abstract: Alterations in microcirculatory permeability are a characteristic of early tissue injury. Moreover, tissue edema is an early indicator of tissue dysfunction, prior to organ failure, because tissue edema is associated with impaired gas exchange, arterial hypoxemia, and may also impair tissue oxygen distribution. As a result of increased microvascular permeability, plasma fluid is lost into the interstitial space, leading to hypovolemia. Currently, no effective pharmacological therapy is available to reduce increased permeability. High mortality rate in sepsis is still mainly associated with endothelial damage. In this regard platelets, besides leukocytes, play a major role for the development of microvascular hyperpermeability. This review considers endothelial cell dysfunction during endotoxemia including current insights into sepsis pathophysiology. New aspects of this complex pathogenesis are illustrated and their relevance for clinical sepsis therapy is emphasized.
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Cite this article as:
Czabanka Marcus, Peter Christoph, Martin Eike and Walther Andreas, Microcirculatory Endothelial Dysfunction During Endotoxemia - Insights into Pathophysiology, Pathologic Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2007; 5 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016107782023389
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016107782023389 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
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