Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion (IR) of the liver is a multifactorial process that, at least in part, is responsible for the morbidity associated with major liver surgery under occlusion of the portal triad with the Pringle maneuver, total vascular exclusion or after liver transplantation. Surgeons are confronted with IR injury (IRI) more often than they anticipate. Although the human body has its own defense system, understanding the pathophysiology of IRI is essential for the surgeon in preventing and/or treating the reperfusion injury in common clinical practice. Several endogenous mechanisms exist to overcome IRI and a large number of pharmacological agents have also been found to confer protection against ischemic injury in the liver. They either blocked the injurious pathways directly or they subjected the liver to preconditioning. Prostaglandins (PGs) are a group of compounds derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. They are short-lived, hormone-like chemicals that regulate cellular activities on a moment-to-moment basis and are produced in most tissues of the body, although the liver has emerged as the major organ participating in the synthesis, degradation and elimination of arachidonate products of systemic origin. PGs are released through the prostaglandin transporter on the cells plasma membrane. During the last decade intensive work on the cytoprotective effects of PGs on livers suffering from IRI have been well documented. Prostaglandins confer their protective effects on IR-injured livers mainly by inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen species, preventing leukocyte migration, reducing the synthesis or production of membrane degradation products, improving hepatic insulin and lipid metabolism, and regulating the production of inflammatory cytokines and cell adhesion molecules. Production of PGs have been found essential also soon after partial hepatectomy for hepatocyte proliferation. Liver, ischemia reperfusion and prostaglandins are intimately related; their interaction remains to be fully understood. The present review highlights the accumulation of recent advances in this topic.
Keywords: Liver, ischemia, reperfusion, mechanism, cellular-interactions, Kupffer cell, neutrophils, prostaglandins
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: The Role of Prostaglandins in Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Volume: 12 Issue: 23
Author(s): M. A. Hossain, H. Wakabayashi, K. Izuishi, K. Okano, S. Yachida and H. Maeta
Affiliation:
Keywords: Liver, ischemia, reperfusion, mechanism, cellular-interactions, Kupffer cell, neutrophils, prostaglandins
Abstract: Ischemia reperfusion (IR) of the liver is a multifactorial process that, at least in part, is responsible for the morbidity associated with major liver surgery under occlusion of the portal triad with the Pringle maneuver, total vascular exclusion or after liver transplantation. Surgeons are confronted with IR injury (IRI) more often than they anticipate. Although the human body has its own defense system, understanding the pathophysiology of IRI is essential for the surgeon in preventing and/or treating the reperfusion injury in common clinical practice. Several endogenous mechanisms exist to overcome IRI and a large number of pharmacological agents have also been found to confer protection against ischemic injury in the liver. They either blocked the injurious pathways directly or they subjected the liver to preconditioning. Prostaglandins (PGs) are a group of compounds derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. They are short-lived, hormone-like chemicals that regulate cellular activities on a moment-to-moment basis and are produced in most tissues of the body, although the liver has emerged as the major organ participating in the synthesis, degradation and elimination of arachidonate products of systemic origin. PGs are released through the prostaglandin transporter on the cells plasma membrane. During the last decade intensive work on the cytoprotective effects of PGs on livers suffering from IRI have been well documented. Prostaglandins confer their protective effects on IR-injured livers mainly by inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen species, preventing leukocyte migration, reducing the synthesis or production of membrane degradation products, improving hepatic insulin and lipid metabolism, and regulating the production of inflammatory cytokines and cell adhesion molecules. Production of PGs have been found essential also soon after partial hepatectomy for hepatocyte proliferation. Liver, ischemia reperfusion and prostaglandins are intimately related; their interaction remains to be fully understood. The present review highlights the accumulation of recent advances in this topic.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Hossain A. M., Wakabayashi H., Izuishi K., Okano K., Yachida S. and Maeta H., The Role of Prostaglandins in Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2006; 12 (23) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206777947678
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206777947678 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Blood-based biomarkers in large-scale screening for neurodegenerative diseases
Disease biomarkers are necessary tools that can be employ in several clinical context of use (COU), ranging from the (early) diagnosis, prognosis, prediction, to monitor of disease state and/or drug efficacy. Regarding neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a battery of well-validated biomarkers are available, such as cerebrospinal fluid ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Diabetes mellitus: advances in diagnosis and treatment driving by precision medicine
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic degenerative metabolic disease with ever increasing prevalence worldwide which is now an epidemic disease affecting 500 million people worldwide. Insufficient insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells unable to maintain blood glucose homeostasis is the main feature of this disease. Multifactorial and complex nature of ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Autonomic Nervous System in Viral Myocarditis: Pathophysiology and Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Tracking the Mesenchymal Stem Cell Fate After Transplantation Into the Infarcted Myocardium
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Microbiota-Immune System Interactions in Human Neurological Disorders
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Anesthetic Cardioprotection in Clinical Practice From Proof-of-Concept to Clinical Applications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Molecular and Biochemical Pathways Encompassing Diabetes Mellitus and Dementia
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets COXIBs, CINODs and H2S-Releasing NSAIDs: Current Perspectives in the Development of Safer Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Current Medicinal Chemistry Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and its Prevention by Metallothionein: Experimental Evidence, Possible Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Erratum
Current Medicinal Chemistry Genetic Engineering in Allotransplantation of Vascularized Organs
Current Gene Therapy Modulators of Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels for the Treatment of Nervous System Diseases
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) A Review on the Neuroprotective Effect of Berberine against Chemotherapy- induced Cognitive Impairment
Current Drug Targets Neuroprotective Effects of Melanocortins in CNS Injury
Current Pharmaceutical Design Neuroprotection by Resveratrol in Diabetic Neuropathy: Concepts & Mechanisms
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Iron Chelation in Cancer Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Protein-Energy Malnutrition Alters Thermoregulatory Homeostasis and the Response to Brain Ischemia
Current Neurovascular Research Genetic and Molecular Factors in Drug-Induced Liver Injury: A Review
Current Drug Safety Human Urotensin II and Metabolic Syndrome
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Potential Biomarkers for Depression Associated with Coronary Artery Disease: A Critical Review
Current Molecular Medicine Is the Multifunctional Na+/H+ Exchanger Isoform 1 a Potential Therapeutic Target in Cancer?
Current Medicinal Chemistry Pathomechanisms of Myocardial Dysfunction in Sepsis
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets