Abstract
Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) and its derivatives demonstrate a diverse array of biological and pharmacological activities including anticonvulsant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anticancer properties. This broad spectrum of biochemical targets has been facilitated by the synthetic versatility of isatin, which has allowed the generation of a large number of structurally diverse derivatives including analogues derived from substitution of the aryl ring, and/or derivatisation of the isatin nitrogen and C2/C3 carbonyl moieties. The recent FDA approval of the oxindole sunitinib malate, as a kinase inhibitor for the treatment of advanced renal carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumours, underscores the increasing interest in isatins as a new class of antineoplastic agents. In addition to potent kinase inhibition, the mechanism of action of other isatin derivatives includes the inhibition and/or modulation of proteases, translation initiation, neo-vascularisation and tubulin polymerisation. It was therefore the objective of this review to systematically evaluate the cytotoxic and anticancer properties of various substituted isatins and collate these findings to be used as a guide for future structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies. This is the first review to comprehensively discuss the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities of isatin and its substituted derivatives.
Keywords: Isatin, 2,3-dioxindole, indolinone, cytotoxicity, anticancer, enzyme inhibitor, kinase, tubulin
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Cytotoxic and Anticancer Activities of Isatin and Its Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review from 2000-2008
Volume: 9 Issue: 4
Author(s): K. L. Vine, L. Matesic, J. M. Locke, M. Ranson and D. Skropeta
Affiliation:
Keywords: Isatin, 2,3-dioxindole, indolinone, cytotoxicity, anticancer, enzyme inhibitor, kinase, tubulin
Abstract: Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) and its derivatives demonstrate a diverse array of biological and pharmacological activities including anticonvulsant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anticancer properties. This broad spectrum of biochemical targets has been facilitated by the synthetic versatility of isatin, which has allowed the generation of a large number of structurally diverse derivatives including analogues derived from substitution of the aryl ring, and/or derivatisation of the isatin nitrogen and C2/C3 carbonyl moieties. The recent FDA approval of the oxindole sunitinib malate, as a kinase inhibitor for the treatment of advanced renal carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumours, underscores the increasing interest in isatins as a new class of antineoplastic agents. In addition to potent kinase inhibition, the mechanism of action of other isatin derivatives includes the inhibition and/or modulation of proteases, translation initiation, neo-vascularisation and tubulin polymerisation. It was therefore the objective of this review to systematically evaluate the cytotoxic and anticancer properties of various substituted isatins and collate these findings to be used as a guide for future structure-activity relationship and mode of action studies. This is the first review to comprehensively discuss the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities of isatin and its substituted derivatives.
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Cite this article as:
Vine L. K., Matesic L., Locke M. J., Ranson M. and Skropeta D., Cytotoxic and Anticancer Activities of Isatin and Its Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review from 2000-2008, Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2009; 9 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520610909040397
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520610909040397 |
Print ISSN 1871-5206 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5992 |
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