Title:Predictors of Mortality Following Mitral Valve Replacement: A Systematic
Review
Volume: 5
Author(s): Husam Abuawad, Mohammad AlShatnawi*, Rzan Shawashreh, Maya Attarakih, Mahmoud AlHarbi, Eman AlShebli, Husam Twaissi and Mohammad Sunoqrot
Affiliation:
- Emergency Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
Keywords:
Mitral valve, Mitral valve replacement, Valvular replacement, Valvular surgery, Mitral valve surgery, Heart valve disease.
Abstract:
Introduction:
Valvular heart diseases are some of the most common causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. The mitral valve is estimated to
be the cause of 15% of deaths in heart valve disease. Mitral valve dysfunction can be treated with a variety of operative options, one of which is
mitral valve replacement. Although it is less desirable than repair, in some situations, it is the only viable option. Thus, we conducted this
systematic review to help guide future risk assessment for mitral valve replacement patients and help in the construction of pre-operative risk
assessment tools.
Methods:
This is a systematic review of original articles discussing the topic of predictors of mortality for patients undergoing mitral valve replacement
surgery. A systematic search was conducted via independent researchers across a number of databases, starting with PubMed databases utilizing its
MeSH database, followed by a complementary search through Google Scholar.
Results:
In total, 27 original articles were included in a collective cohort of 145005 patients. Older age was the most commonly cited variable as a mortality
predictor, followed by decreased left ventricular ejection fraction. EuroSCORE is a well-known scoring system that predicts in-hospital mortality
following major cardiac surgeries. It was found that it overestimated mortality greatly, while another study found that the revised EuroSCORE II
system was a better predictor of mortality. Overall, we note that both versions usually overestimate mortality.
Conclusion:
There seems to be an overall agreement over several factors, including older age, decreased ejection fraction, and the expertise of the surgeon and
the institution on being clear predictors of postoperative mortality. There is also an obvious need for new tools to better predict mortality rates
preoperatively, as the currently used scores often result in greatly inaccurate predictions.
