Title:Antioxidant Properties of Brassica Rapa L. Seeds and Immunostimulant Effect on Immunity Broilers Cells (Gallus Gallus Domesticus)
Volume: 21
Issue: 2
Author(s): Soukaina Laaraj, Ibtissam Ouahidi, Nada Al Moudani, Abdellatif Boukir, Samira Jaouhar, Safae Er Raouan and Lotfi Aarab*
Affiliation:
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules (LMB2M), Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Fez,
Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Keywords:
Brassica rapa seeds, antioxidants, chicken immunity cells, immunostimulation, FT-IR, poultry feed.
Abstract:
Background: In the past few decades, researchers have focused on finding the benefits
of natural substances derived from plants.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the use of Brassica rapa seeds in poultry feed as an antioxidant
and immunostimulant of host defenses.
Methods: We prepared three extracts using ethanol, Ethyl Acetate, and water. Spectrophotometric
methods determined the total phenolic and flavonoid content in the three extracts. Antioxidant
activity was assessed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing/antioxidant
power (FRAP), 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS)
radicals and β-Carotene bleaching methods. An assessment of their immunostimulant activities in
vitro was performed on chicken immunity cell proliferation (splenocytes, thymocytes, and Bursa
cells) and IgY production.
Results: The total phenolic contents ranged from 462.5 to 794.8 mg /g of extract, the order of
TPC was as follows: EtOAc > EtOH >Water. Flavonoid contents were, 63.7 mg in EtOH extract,
81.2 mg in EtOAc extract, and 108.7 mg/g Extract in aqueous extract. By DPPH, the IC50s of
EtOH, EtOAc, and water, were 1.8 μg/ml, 2.4 μg/ml, and 1.5 μg/ml, respectively. Using the Ferric-
Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), we remarked that the EtOH and EtOAc extracts have
important antioxidant powers. The ABTS assay indicated that EtOH and water had the highest
activities with IC50s of 0.19 and 0.07, respectively. Finally, by the β-carotene bleaching test, we
observed that the IC50 of the EtOH, EtOAc, and water were 62.1 μg/mL; 72.7 μg/mL, and 45.8
μg/mL, respectively. The results obtained indicate that Brassica aqueous extract stimulates humoral
immunity by stimulating splenocyte (B and T-lymphocytes) and Bursa cell (B-lymphocyte)
proliferation by more than 200% of response vs control. In addition, the aqueous extract highly
stimulated the function of bursa cells by 208% of the reaction. In the same conditions, we recorded
a stimulation of cellular immunity mediated by thymocytes by an increase in cell proliferation
(352.7% of response) implicated in virus protection. These extracts also possessed an antimicrobial
effect against diverse microorganisms such as coliforms and Staphylococcus. The FT-IR
spectrum indicated that the hydroxyl group (phenol), hydroxybenzoic acid family, carbohydrate
molecules such as glucopyranose, a carbonyl ester group, hydrocarbon chains (alkyls groups))
were present.
Conclusion: This result could have interesting applications in the poultry feed industry to enhance
the performance of animal development.
