Title:Health Belief Model for Public Acceptance of Implementing COVID-19
Vaccination in Singkawang City, Indonesia
Volume: 5
Author(s): Theresia Lidia, Aris Widayati and Pramitha Esha Nirmala Dewi*
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmacy Profession, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Bantul, Yogyakarta,
Indonesia
Keywords:
Public acceptance, COVID-19, Health belief model, Singkawang, Indonesia.
Abstract:
Background:
The efficacy of immunization is contingent upon public acceptance. Using the behavioral theory of the Health Belief Model (HBM), this study
seeks to determine intervention strategies against the most influential factor towards the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination program among
the societies of Singkawang City.
Methods:
This investigation involved a cross-sectional design. The perceived severity, susceptibility, barriers, benefits, cues to action, and self-efficacy were
the independent variables. The dependent variable was the adoption of the COVID-19 vaccine by the public. Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and
Multivariate tests were used to present vaccine acceptance differences, relationships and impacts of each variable towards COVID-19 vaccine
acceptance.
Results:
There was a total of 461 participants in this study. For the majority of respondents (56.40%), COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among them remains
modest. The difference between the low and high vaccination acceptance groups (p-value < 0.05) was revealed. Except for perceived severity, this
study demonstrated that all HBM constructs had a significant relationship with vaccination acceptance (p-value < 0.05). In addition, the results of
the logistic regression test indicated that the cues-to-action construct was the most influential factor in vaccine acceptance (OR= 7.156; CI, 95%=
4.107 – 12.469), followed by self-efficacy (OR=3.218; CI, 95%=1.819 – 5.694).
Conclusion:
Thus, health policymakers should focus on cues-to-action and self-efficacy factors for developing a strategy to increase vaccine acceptance among
the Indonesian population by using current study results among the Singkawang population as a model to start the persuasion techniques.