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Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 1568-0266
ISSN (Online): 1873-4294

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Review Article

Tackling Nontuberculous Mycobacteria by Repurposable Drugs and Potential Leads from Natural Products

Author(s): Patil Amruta Adhikrao, Gudle Mayuri Motiram and Gautam Kumar*

Volume 24, Issue 15, 2024

Published on: 29 January, 2024

Page: [1291 - 1326] Pages: 36

DOI: 10.2174/0115680266276938240108060247

Price: $65

Open Access Journals Promotions 2
Abstract

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) refer to bacteria other than all Mycobacterium species that do not cause tuberculosis or leprosy, excluding the species of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, M. leprae and M. lepromatosis. NTM are ubiquitous and present in soils and natural waters. NTM can survive in a wide range of environmental conditions. The direct inoculum of the NTM from water or other materials is most likely a source of infections. NTMs are responsible for several illnesses, including pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pneumoconiosis, and pulmonary disease. Recent reports suggest that NTM species have become insensitive to sterilizing agents, antiseptics, and disinfectants. The efficacy of existing anti-NTM regimens is diminishing and has been compromised due to drug resistance. New and recurring cases of multidrug-resistant NTM strains are increasing. Thus, there is an urgent need for ant-NTM regimens with novel modes of action. This review sheds light on the mode of antimicrobial resistance in the NTM species. Then, we discussed the repurposable drugs (antibiotics) that have shown new indications (activity against NTM strains) that could be developed for treating NTM infections. Also, we have summarised recently identified natural leads acting against NTM, which have the potential for treating NTM-associated infections.

Keywords: Nontuberculous mycobacteria, Drug resistance, Natural products, M. abscessus, Mycobacterium avium complex, chronic obstructive pneumoconiosis.

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