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ISSN (Online): 1875-6417

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Systematic Review Article

Association between Gut Microbiota Compositions with Microvascular Complications in Individuals with Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Author(s): Motahareh Hasani*, Zahra Asadi Pilerud, Atefe Kami, Amir Abbas Vaezi*, Sahar Sobhani, Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed and Mostafa Qorbani

Volume 20, Issue 10, 2024

Published on: 24 January, 2024

Article ID: e240124226068 Pages: 16

DOI: 10.2174/0115733998280396231212114345

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is one of the chronic and very complex diseases that can lead to microvascular complications. Recent evidence demonstrates that dysbiosis of the microbiota composition might result in low-grade, local, and systemic inflammation, which contributes directly to the development of diabetes mellitus and its microvascular consequences.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the association between diabetes microvascular complications, including retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and gut microbiota composition.

Methods: A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science from database inception to March 2023. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by two independent authors. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used for quality assessment.

Results: About 19 articles were selected from 590 retrieved articles. Among the included studies, nephropathy has been studied more than other complications of diabetes, showing that the composition of the healthy microbiota is changed, and large quantities of uremic solutes that cause kidney injury are produced by gut microbes. Phyla, including Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria, accounted for the majority of the variation in gut microbiota between Type 2 diabetic patients with and without neuropathy. In cases with retinopathy, an increase in pathogenic and proinflammatory bacteria was observed.

Conclusion: Our results revealed that increases in Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria may be associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy.

In view of the detrimental role of intestinal dysbiosis in the development of diabetes-related complications, gut microbiota assessment may be used as a biomarker in the future and interventions that modulate the composition of microbiota in individuals with diabetes can be used to prevent and control these complications.

Keywords: Diabetes, microvascular complications, retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, gut microbiota.

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