Title:Psychosocial Facilitators and Barriers to Type 2 Diabetes Management in
Adults: A Meta-Synthesis
Volume: 20
Issue: 8
Author(s): P. Padma Sri Lekha and E.P. Abdul Azeez*
Affiliation:
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
Keywords:
Type 2 diabetes, meta-synthesis, psychosocial factors, coping with diabetes, diabetes management, metabolic disease.
Abstract:
Background: Globally, the cases of type 2 diabetes are increasing, and this is largely
attributed to lifestyle changes. Though diabetes is primarily a metabolic disease determined by
biological factors, psychosocial aspects play a crucial role in its progression and management.
However, the literature on psychosocial dimensions of diabetes management is minuscule and
scattered.
Objective: This synthesis sought to understand the psychosocial facilitators and barriers to type 2
diabetes management and coping among adults.
Methods: We have adopted a meta-synthesis to review available qualitative studies using Pub-
Med and Scopus databases. Based on inclusion criteria, we have chosen 24 studies published between
2010 and 2023. We have considered studies across countries, among which 63% of the
studies included were from Western countries, and most have employed qualitative descriptive
design. The selected studies were analyzed thematically using a deductive framework.
Results: Six themes emerged as the psychosocial barriers and facilitators of managing and coping
with type 2 diabetes: 1) cognitive-emotional factors, 2) faith, 3) constraints to behavioural
change, 4) social constraints and support, 5) healthcare provider-patient relationship, and 6)
awareness. Further, a conceptual framework was developed from the synthesis.
Conclusion: The patients' experiences evident from this synthesis signify the crucial role of psychosocial
factors in diabetes management and coping. This evidence emphasizes the need for integrated
care so that psychosocial aspects are addressed by healthcare providers and behavioural
health professionals, which may lead to the promotion of facilitators and the minimization of barriers.
