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Current Diabetes Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 1573-3998
ISSN (Online): 1875-6417

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Review Article

Immunological Approaches in the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy

Author(s): Fatemeh Pour-Reza-Gholi and Sara Assadiasl*

Volume 21, Issue 1, 2025

Published on: 06 November, 2023

Article ID: e061123223172 Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/0115733998267893231016062205

Price: $65

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, has no definite treatment so far. In fact, a combination of metabolic, hemodynamic, and immunological factors are involved in the pathogenesis of DN; therefore, effective disease management requires a holistic approach to all predisposing contributors. Due to the recent findings about the role of inflammation in the initiation and progression of kidney injury in diabetic patients and considerable advances in immunotherapy methods, it might be useful to revise and reconsider the current knowledge of the potential of immunomodulation in preventing and attenuating DN. In this review, we have summarized the findings of add-on therapeutic methods that have concentrated on regulating inflammatory responses in diabetic nephropathy, including phosphodiesterase inhibitors, nuclear factor-kB inhibitors, Janus kinase inhibitors, chemokine inhibitors, anti-cytokine antibodies, cell therapy, and vaccination.

Keywords: Diabetic nephropathies, immunomodulation, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, janus kinase inhibitors, chemokine, cell therapy, vaccination.

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