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Current Vascular Pharmacology

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1570-1611
ISSN (Online): 1875-6212

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Editorial

The Fundamental Role of Medical Treatment in the Prevention of Carotid Related Strokes: Insights from a Multispecialty Consensus Document

Author(s): Kosmas I. Paraskevas*, Piotr Musialek, Dimitri P. Mikhailidis and Gregory Y.H. Lip

Volume 22, Issue 1, 2024

Published on: 01 November, 2023

Page: [5 - 7] Pages: 3

DOI: 10.2174/0115701611282696231101072656

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[1]
Musialek P, Bonati LH, Bulbulia R, et al. Stroke risk management in carotid atherosclerotic disease: A Clinical Consensus Statement of the ESC Council on Stroke and the ESC Working Group on Aorta and Peripheral Vascular Diseases. Cardiovasc Res 2023; cvad135.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvad135] [PMID: 37632337]
[2]
Paraskevas KI, Mikhailidis DP, Veith FJ, Spence JD. Definition of best medical treatment in asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Angiology 2016; 67(5): 411-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003319715624526] [PMID: 26721504]
[3]
Naylor R, Rantner B, Ancetti S, et al. Editor’s Choice – European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Atherosclerotic Carotid and Vertebral Artery Disease. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2023; 65(1): 7-111.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2022.04.011] [PMID: 35598721]
[4]
Lee M, Cheng CY, Wu YL, Lee JD, Hsu CY, Ovbiagele B. Association between intensity of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction with statin-based therapies and secondary stroke prevention. JAMA Neurol 2022; 79(4): 349-58.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.5578] [PMID: 35188949]
[5]
Leys D, Casolla B, Cordonnier C. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level after a stroke—reducing it by any means. JAMA Neurol 2022; 79(4): 329-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.5586] [PMID: 35188953]
[6]
Paraskevas KI, Gloviczki P, Antignani PL, et al. Benefits and drawbacks of statins and non-statin lipid lowering agents in carotid artery disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 73(4): 41-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2022.05.003] [PMID: 35605696]
[7]
Giannopoulos A, Kakkos S, Abbott A, et al. Long-term mortality in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis: Implications for statin therapy. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015; 50(5): 573-82.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.06.115] [PMID: 26299982]
[8]
Amarenco P, Goldstein LB, Messig M, et al. Relative and cumulative effects of lipid and blood pressure control in the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels trial. Stroke 2009; 40(7): 2486-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.546135] [PMID: 19461031]
[9]
Paraskevas KI, Nicolaides AN, Veith FJ. Carotid endarterectomy may be required in addition to best medical treatment for some patient subgroups with asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Vascular 2015; 23(1): 62-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1708538114560463] [PMID: 25389280]
[10]
Paraskevas KI, Veith FJ, Ricco JB. Best medical treatment alone may not be adequate for all patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. J Vasc Surg 2018; 68(2): 572-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2018.02.046] [PMID: 29773432]
[11]
Cambria RP, Conrad MF. Asymptomatic carotid stenosis: Revisionist history is usually wrong. J Vasc Surg 2020; 71(1): 2-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2019.05.029] [PMID: 31864643]
[12]
Conrad MF, Baloum V, Mukhopadhyay S, Garg A, Patel VI, Cambria RP. Progression of asymptomatic carotid stenosis despite optimal medical therapy. J Vasc Surg 2013; 58(1): 128-135.e1.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2013.04.002] [PMID: 23806255]
[13]
Conrad MF, Michalczyk MJ, Opalacz A, Patel VI, LaMuraglia GM, Cambria RP. The natural history of asymptomatic severe carotid artery stenosis. J Vasc Surg 2014; 60(5): 1218-26.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2014.05.047] [PMID: 25041986]
[14]
Paraskevas KI, Musialek P, Mikhailidis DP, Lip GYH. Optimal stroke risk management in carotid atherosclerotic disease: A patient-centered multidisciplinary approach. Angiology 2023; 00033197231203566.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00033197231203566] [PMID: 37730239]

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