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ISSN (Online): 2212-3903

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Review Article

Therapeutic Potential and Prospects of L-arginine in Various Diseases and its Clinical Intervention

Author(s): Sushil Giri, Krishna Kumar Varshney and Rajnish Srivastava*

Volume 19, Issue 5, 2024

Published on: 01 November, 2023

Page: [529 - 545] Pages: 17

DOI: 10.2174/0115748855260802231019072509

Price: $65

Abstract

The goal of this review is to explored the therapeutic application of L-Arginine (L-ARG) against various pathological illnesses, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), cardiovascular disorder, mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like episodes (MELAS), sickle cell anemia, tumour, epilepsy, erectile dysfunction therapy (ED), gestational hypertension (GH), and menopause issues. L-ARG is an important semi-essential alpha-amino acid that serves as a natural precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO). It is generally synthesized from proteinogenic amino acid proline through glutamine and glutamate. The degradation of L-ARG is a complex process due to the expression of multiple enzymes in the form of a substrate. The metabolism of L-ARG takes place in various multiple pathways, such as nitric oxide synthase, Arginine glycine amidinotransferase, and Arginine decarboxylase which results in the production of a diverse range of biochemical compounds, such as nitric oxide, polyamines, proline, glutamate, creanine, agmatine homoarginine, and urea. NO is a highly diffusible free radicle with a regulatory function in the heart and acts as an important vasodilator in intact endothelium. NO serves as an important neurotransmitter in the brain and a mediator of host defense in the immune system. L-ARG is also needed for ammonia detoxification, which is a very toxic chemical to the central nervous system. This review article focuses on the relevance of L-ARG in the prevention and treatment of a variety of illnesses.

Keywords: L-arginin, nitric oxide, polyamines, heart, endothelium, immune system.

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