Title:A Review on Traditional and Modern Methods for the Synthesis of Aromatic Azo
Compounds
Volume: 27
Issue: 18
Author(s): Ashok Raj Patel, Geetika Patel, Arti Srivastava and Subhash Banerjee*
Affiliation:
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
Keywords:
Aromatic azo compounds, azobenzenes, traditional methods, modern methods, azo coupling, phenyl groups.
Abstract: Aromatic azo compounds are “derivatives of diazene/diimide”, wherein the two
hydrogens are substituted by phenyl groups. Azo compounds are very important universal
scaffolds that show multiple applications in many areas of science, mainly chemical industries,
where they are used in the synthesis of organic dyes, pigments, food additives, indicators,
etc. They also remarkably exhibit various potential applications in the fields of pharmaceuticals,
electronics, optics, etc., because of their fascinating photophysical properties.
Moreover, several azo compounds have been strongly utilized as chemosensors, diagnostic
probes, radical initiators, nanotubes, and building blocks of various polymers as well as
natural products. This interesting and immense importance of the azo compounds has attracted
the attention of researchers to establish novel synthetic routes to synthesize these important
scaffolds. In organic chemistry, azo compounds can be synthesized by various methods utilizing coupling
reactions with the aid of a catalyst or sometimes in the absence of it. The main purpose of writing this review
was to provide a summary of the synthesis of both symmetric and asymmetric azobenzenes via various traditional
and recently developed oxidative azo-coupling reactions.
