Title:Investigation of LncRNAs Expression as a Potential Biomarker in the
Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Brucellosis
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Author(s): Mansoor Kodori, Mohammad Abavisani, Hadis Fathizadeh, Mansoor Khaledi, Mohammad Hossein Haddadi, Shahrbanoo Keshavarz Aziziraftar, Foroogh Neamati*Amirhossein Sahebkar*
Affiliation:
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty
of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical
Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center,
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Keywords:
Diagnosis, serological testing, long non-coding RNAs, Brucellosis, immune pathways, bacterial infections.
Abstract: Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are significant contributors to bacterial infections and
host defense responses, presenting a novel class of gene regulators beyond conventional protein-coding
genes. This narrative review aimed to explore the involvement of LncRNAs as a potential biomarker in
the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial infections, with a specific focus on Brucella infections. A comprehensive
literature review was conducted to identify relevant studies examining the roles of LncRNAs
in immune responses during bacterial infections, with a specific emphasis on Brucella infections. Pub-
Med, Scopus and other major scientific databases were searched using relevant keywords. LncRNAs
crucially regulate immune responses to bacterial infections, influencing transcription factors, proinflammatory
cytokines, and immune cell behavior, with both positive and negative effects. The NF-κB
pathway is a key regulator for many LncRNAs in bacterial infections. During Brucella infections, essential
LncRNAs activate the innate immune response, increasing proinflammatory cytokine production
and immune cell differentiation. LncRNAs are associated with human brucellosis, holding promise for
screening, diagnostics, or therapeutics. Further research is needed to fully understand LncRNAs' precise
functions in Brucella infection and pathogenesis. Specific LncRNAs, like IFNG-AS1 and NLRP3, are
upregulated during brucellosis, while others, such as Gm28309, are downregulated, influencing immunosuppression
and bacterial survival. Investigating the prognostic and therapeutic potential of Brucellarelated
LncRNAs warrants ongoing investigation, including their roles in other immune cells like macrophages,
dendritic cells, and neutrophils responsible for bacterial clearance. Unraveling the intricate
relationship between LncRNAs and brucellosis may reveal novel regulatory mechanisms and LncRNAs'
roles in infection regulation, expediting diagnostics and enhancing therapeutic strategies against Brucella
infections.
