Title:Therapeutic Potential of Syzygium aromaticum in Gut Dysbiosis via TMAO Associated Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Volume: 22
Issue: 4
Author(s): Shivani Singhal and Vibha Rani*
Affiliation:
- Department of Biotechnology, Center for Emerging Diseases, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector-
62, Noida, 201307, Uttar Pradesh, India
Keywords:
Gut microbiota, metabolites, dysbiosis, cardiovascular diseases, trimethylamine lyase, Syzygium aromaticum.
Abstract:
Background: Dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal microbiota is not only related to the
pathogenesis of intestinal disorders but also associated with extra-intestinal diseases. Various studies
have revealed the role of an imbalance of intestinal microbiota and their metabolites including
bile acids, indole derivatives, polyamines, and trimethylamine in the progression of various diseases.
The elevated plasma level of the oxidized form of trimethylamine is associated with the increased
risk of cardiovascular diseases. Literature supports that herbal medicines can modulate
human health by altering the diversity of gut microbiota and their metabolites and proposes the use
of prebiotics to improve dysbiotic conditions as a new way of therapeutic strategy.
Methods: In silico studies including drug likeliness, toxicity prediction, and molecular interaction
of phytochemicals against trimethylamine lyase enzyme have been done. Antimicrobial activity of
extracts of selected plant i.e. Syzygium aromaticum was done by disc diffusion and the protective
effects of plant compounds were examined on trimethylamine-n-oxide a bacterial metabolic product
and high glucose induced toxicity.
Results: The current study has found that the phytochemicals of S. aromaticum identified as nontoxic
and followed the standard rules of drug likeliness and showed a significant binding affinity
against trimethylamine-n-oxide producing enzymes. Furthermore, S. aromaticum extract was
found to have antimicrobial potential and cardioprotective effects by reducing the production of
intracellular reactive oxygen species and correcting the distorted nuclear morphology in the presence
of high trimethylamine-n-oxide.
Conclusion: Conclusively, our study explored the herbal intervention in intestinal dysbiosis and
suggested a natural therapy against dysbiosis associated with cardiac disease, and S, aromaticum
was found to have exceptional cardioprotective potential against TMAO induced gut dysbiosis,
which provides a novel future therapeutic intervention for treating cardiovascular complications.
