Title:Dietary Factors Associated with Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Volume: 21
Issue: 1
Author(s): Sara Zakarneh, Yasmin Khial and Reema Tayyem*
Affiliation:
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
Keywords:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, children, adolescents, insulin, glycemic control, physical activity, nutrients, dietary patterns, carbohydrate count.
Abstract: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that results from the
autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leading to insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. It is
a common chronic disease in childhood, with a prevalence of 1 in 300 children in the United States
and an increasing incidence of 2-5% annually, worldwide. Managing T1DM requires regular insulin
administration, adjustment of food intake and exercise, and a comprehensive understanding of
nutrition. This review aims to explore the relationship between dietary factors, physical activity,
obesity, genetics, and glycemic control in children and adolescents with T1DM. To conduct this
review, we conducted a thorough search of publications from December 2004 through April 2022
using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Embase databases. Key topics included obesity, children,
adolescents, nutrients, carbohydrates, proteins, fat, water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins,
dietary patterns, fruits and vegetables, physical activity, genetics, food habits, carbohydrate count
and environmental factors
