Title:Tumor Microenvironment Heterogeneity, Potential Therapeutic Avenues,
and Emerging Therapies
Volume: 24
Issue: 3
关键词:
肿瘤微环境,t细胞,免疫系统,癌症,巨噬细胞,自然杀伤细胞,免疫治疗。
摘要:
Objective: This review describes the comprehensive portrait of tumor microenvironment
(TME). Additionally, we provided a panoramic perspective on the transformation and functions of the
diverse constituents in TME, and the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance, beginning with the
immune cells and metabolic dynamics within TME. Lastly, we summarized the most auspicious potential
therapeutic strategies.
Results: TME is a unique realm crafted by malignant cells to withstand the onslaught of endogenous
and exogenous therapies. Recent research has revealed many small-molecule immunotherapies exhibiting
auspicious outcomes in preclinical investigations. Furthermore, some pro-immune mechanisms
have emerged as a potential avenue. With the advent of nanosystems and precision targeting, targeted
therapy has now transcended the "comfort zone" erected by cancer cells within TME.
Conclusion: The ceaseless metamorphosis of TME fosters the intransigent resilience and proliferation
of tumors. However, existing therapies have yet to surmount the formidable obstacles posed by
TME. Therefore, scientists should investigate potential avenues for therapeutic intervention and design
innovative pharmacological and clinical technologies.