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ISSN (Online): 1875-5607

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Mini-Review Article

Potential Role of Novel Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Pediatric Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Author(s): Maria Augusta Duarte Abreu, Pedro Alves Soares Vaz de Castro, Fernanda Rocha Chaves Moreira, Henrique de Oliveira Ferreira and Ana Cristina Simões e Silva*

Volume 24, Issue 5, 2024

Published on: 07 July, 2023

Page: [491 - 506] Pages: 16

DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230523114331

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular Disease is the leading cause of death in adult and pediatric patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and its pathogenesis involves the interaction of multiple pathways. As Inflammatory mechanisms play a critical role in the vascular disease of CKD pediatric patients, there are several biomarkers related to inflammation strongly associated with this comorbidity.

Objective: This review provides available evidence on the link between several biomarkers and the pathophysiology of heart disease in patients with CKD.

Methods: The data were obtained independently by the authors, who carried out a comprehensive and non-systematic search in PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and SciELO databases. The search terms were “Chronic Kidney Disease”, “Cardiovascular Disease”, “Pediatrics”, “Pathophysiology”, “Mineral and Bone Disorder (MBD)”, “Renin Angiotensin System (RAS)”, “Biomarkers”, “BNP”, “NTproBNP”, “CK-MB”, “CXCL6”, “CXCL16”, “Endocan-1 (ESM-1)”, “FABP3”, “FABP4”, h-FABP”, “Oncostatin- M (OSM)”, “Placental Growth Factor (PlGF)” and “Troponin I”.

Results: The pathogenesis of CKD-mediated cardiovascular disease is linked to inflammatory biomarkers, which play a critical role in the initiation, maintenance, and progression of cardiovascular disease. There are several biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease in pediatric patients, including BNP, NTproBNP, CK-MB, CXCL6, CXCL16, Endocan-1 (ESM-1), FABP3, FABP4, Oncostatin- M (OSM), Placental Growth Factor (PlGF), and Troponin I.

Conclusion: The pathogenesis of CKD-mediated cardiovascular disease is not completely understood, but it is linked to inflammatory biomarkers. Further studies are required to elucidate the pathophysiological and potential role of these novel biomarkers.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, pathophysiology, mineral and bone disorder, renin-angiotensin system, biomarkers.

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