Title:Distinctive Clinico-electrographic and Radiological Profile of Childhood
and Adolescent Seizures
Volume: 20
Issue: 3
Author(s): Rashmie Prabha, Rahul Bhakat, Kriti Mohan*, Nikhil Rajvanshi, Swathi Chacham and Latika Mohan
Affiliation:
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Keywords:
Epilepsy, EEG, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, HIE, MRI, rasmussens encephalopathy.
Abstract:
Aim: Electroencephalogram (EEG) is specific, but not sensitive, for the diagnosis of epilepsy.
This study aimed to correlate the clinico-electrographic and radiological features of seizure
disorders in children attending a tertiary care centre in northern India.
Methods: Children aged between one to 18 years with seizure episodes were included. Clinical details,
including historical as well as physical findings, were evaluated along with EEG and neuroimaging
(Magnetic resonance imaging). Details were noted on pre-designed proforma. Variables were
analysed by using appropriate statistical methods.
Results: A total of 110 children with seizures were enrolled in the study. Male to female ratio was
1.6: 1, and the mean age of the study children was 8 years. The majority of the children were symptomatic
for more than one year. The most common seizure type was Generalised Tonic Clonic Seizure
(GTCS), and Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) sequelae was the most commonly attributed
etiology, followed by neurocysticercosis. EEG and neuroimaging findings were found to
correlate well with seizure semiology from history. The incidence of febrile seizures was 10% in
this study, with nearly three-fourths of them being simple febrile seizures.
Conclusion: Microcephaly and developmental delay were the most distinctive clinical correlates in
children with seizures. There was a fair agreement between the types of seizures described in history
and depicted on EEG with Cohen’s kappa of 0.4. Also, there was a significant association between
the type of seizures on EEG and the duration of symptoms.
