Title:Emerging Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Volume: 23
Issue: 6
Author(s): Aditya Singh, Vaseem Ahamad Ansari*, Tarique Mahmood, Farogh Ahsan, Rufaida Wasim, Shubhrat Maheshwari, Mohammad Shariq, Saba Parveen and Arshiya Shamim
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, UP-226026, India
Keywords:
Ursolic acid, Alzheimer's disease, bioavailability, nanotechnology, neurodegenerative, nanoparticle.
Abstract: Nanotechnology is a great choice for medical research, and the green synthesis approach is
a novel and better way to synthesize nanoparticles. Biological sources are cost-effective, environmentally
friendly, and allow large-scale production of nanoparticles. Naturally obtained 3 β-hydroxy-urs-
12-en-28-oic acids reported for neuroprotective and dendritic structure are reported as solubility enhancers.
Plants are free from toxic substances and act as natural capping agents. In this review, the
pharmacological properties of ursolic acid (UA) and the structural properties of the dendritic structure
are discussed. UA acid appears to have negligible toxicity and immunogenicity, as well as favorable
biodistribution, according to the current study, and the dendritic structure improves drug solubility,
prevents drug degradation, increases circulation time, and potentially targets by using different pathways
with different routes of administration. Nanotechnology is a field in which materials are synthesized
at the nanoscale. Nanotechnology could be the next frontier of humankind's technological advancement.
Richard Feynman first used the term ‘Nanotechnology’ in his lecture, “There is Plenty of
Room at the Bottom”, on 29th December, 1959, and since then, interest has increased in the research
on nanoparticles. Nanotechnology is capable of helping humanity by solving major challenges, particularly
in neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent type, which may account
for 60-70% of cases. Other significant forms of dementia include vascular dementia, dementia
with Lewy bodies (abnormal protein aggregates that form inside nerve cells), and a number of illnesses
that exacerbate frontotemporal dementia. Dementia is an acquired loss of cognition in several cognitive
domains that are severe enough to interfere with social or professional functioning. However,
dementia frequently co-occurs with other neuropathologies, typically AD with cerebrovascular dysfunction.
Clinical presentations show that neurodegenerative diseases are often incurable because patients
permanently lose some neurons. A growing body of research suggests that they also advance our
knowledge of the processes that are probably crucial for maintaining the health and functionality of the
brain. Serious neurological impairment and neuronal death are the main features of neurodegenerative
illnesses, which are also extremely crippling ailments. The most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders
cause cognitive impairment and dementia, and as average life expectancy rises globally, their effects
become more noticeable.
