Title:Bromelain: An Enzyme Expanding its Horizon from Food to Pharmaceutical
Industry
Volume: 24
Issue: 14
Author(s): Gauresh Sharma and Archana Vimal*
Affiliation:
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
Keywords:
Therapeutics, immobilization, nanoparticles, tenderization, cancer, ant-coagulant.
Abstract: Bromelain is a protein digestive enzyme obtained from the extract of pineapple (steam,
fruit, and leaves). It is a cocktail of several thiol endopeptidases and other components like peroxidase,
cellulase, phosphatase, and several protease inhibitors. It is a glycoprotein with an oligosaccharide
in its molecular structure that contains xylose, fucose, mannose, and N-acetyl glucosamine.
Many approaches have been used in the extraction and purification of bromelain like filtration,
membrane filtration, INT filtration, precipitation, aqueous two-phase system, ion-exchange
chromatography, etc. This enzyme is widely used in the food industry for meat tenderization, baking,
cheese processing, seafood processing, etc. However, this enzyme also expands its applicability
in the food industry. It is reported to have the potential for the treatment of bronchitis, surgical
trauma, sinusitis, etc. The in vitro and in vivo studies showed that it possesses fibrinolytic, antiinflammatory,
antithrombotic, anti-edematous activity, etc. The human body absorbed bromelain
without any side effects or reduction in its activity. However, in some cases, it shows side effects
in those patients who are allergic to pineapple. To minimize such adverse effects bromelain is
immobilized inside the nanoparticles. This paper gives an overview of the production, purification,
and application of this industrially important enzyme in the food and pharmaceutical industry. It
also discusses the various immobilization strategies used to enhance its efficiency.
