Title:Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Signalling Pathway-A Potential
Target for Cancer Intervention: A Short Overview
Volume: 17
Author(s): Rajesh Basnet*, Buddha Bahadur Basnet, Radheshyam Gupta, TilBahadur Basnet, Sandhya Khadka and Md Shan Alam
Affiliation:
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Keywords:
mTOR, Cancer, mTOR1, mTOR 2, PIK3, Cell growth, Crystal structure.
Abstract:
Background:
The mammalian role of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is the practical nutrient-sensitive regulation of animal growth and plays a central role in
physiology, metabolism, and common diseases. The mTOR is activated in response to nutrients, growth factors, and cellular energy. The mTOR
pathway activates in various cellular processes and human cancer diseases. Dysfunction of mTOR signal transduction is associated with metabolic
disorders, cancer for instance.
Objective:
In recent years, significant achievements envisaged in developing targeted drugs for cancer. The global impact of cancer continues to grow.
However, the focus of disease-modifying therapies remains elusive. The mTOR is a significant target in cancer to be considered for mTOR
inhibitors, even though the costs are high. Despite many mTOR inhibitors, potent, selective inhibitors for mTOR are still limited. Therefore, in this
review, the mTOR structure and protein-ligand interactions of utmost importance to provide the basis for molecular modelling and structure-based
drug design are discussed.
Conclusion:
This review introduces the mTOR, its crystal structure, and the latest research on mTOR.Besides, the role of mTOR in cancer, its function, and its
regulation are reviewed. In addition, the mechanistic role of mTOR signalling networks in cancer and interaction with drugs that inhibit the
development of mTOR and crystal structures of mTOR and its complexes are explored. Finally, the current status and prospects of mTOR-targeted
therapy are addressed.
