Title:Seroprevalence of ToRCH Pathogens among Children Admitted to a
Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India for Cataract Surgery and
Cochlear Transplantation
Volume: 20
Issue: 3
Author(s): Abhilipsa Patra, Sucheta Parija, Pradipta K. Parida, Sanjay Kumar Behera and Amit Ghosh*
Affiliation:
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha-751019, India
Keywords:
TORCH, rubella, toxoplasma, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, congenital cataract, congenital deafness.
Abstract:
Aims: The study aims to investigate the presence of TORCH infections in a child with
bilateral cataracts and deafness and report the ToRCH-serology screening profile (Toxoplasma
gondii (TOX), rubella (RV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV-I/II)) in pediatric
cataract and deafness.
Methods: Cases that had a clear clinical history of congenital cataracts and congenital deafness
were included in the study. The study population consisted of 18 bilateral cataracts and 12 bilateral
deafness child who was admitted to AIIMS Bhubaneswar for cataract surgery and cochlear implantation,
respectively. Sera of all children were tested qualitatively and quantitatively for
IgG/IgM-antibodies against ToRCH agents in a sequential manner.
Results: Anti-IgG antibodies against the torch panel were detected in all cataract and deafness patients.
Anti-CMV IgG was detected in 17 of 18 bilateral cataract children and 11 of 12 bilateral deaf
children. The rates of anti-CMV IgG antibody positivity were significantly higher. In the cataract
group, 94.44% and in the deafness group, 91.66% of the patient was Anti-CMV IgG positive. Besides
this, 77.7 % of the patient from the cataract group and 75% from the deafness group was anti-
RV IgG antibody positive. In bilateral cataract patients, IgG-alone seropositive cases were mostly
attributed to CMV (94.44%; 17/18), followed by RV (77.70%; 14/18), HSV-I (27.70%; 5/18), TOX
(27.70%; 5/18), and HSV-II (16.60%; 3/18). In bilateral deafness patients, the spectrum of IgG
alone seropositive cases was almost the same except for TOX (0/12).
Conclusion: The current study recommends interpreting ToRCH-screening in pediatric cataracts
and deafness with caution. Interpretation should include both serial qualitative and quantitative assays
in tandem with clinical correlation to minimize diagnostic errors. The sero-clinical-positivity
needs to be tested in older children who might pose a threat to the spread of infection.
