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摘要
背景:肝脏是人体的重要器官之一,负责调节代谢、分泌和解毒等多种过程。摄入酒精和药物、环境污染物和辐射是导致肝脏氧化应激的危险因素。植物类黄酮具有保护肝脏免受多种化学物质损害的潜力。 目的:本研究旨在总结有关植物类黄酮对肝损伤的保护作用的最新信息。方法:通过各种数据库评估了关于保肝植物黄酮类化合物的文献信息,这些数据库从各自的数据库开始搜索到 2022 年 3 月。 结果:文献中报道了超过 70 种具有保肝活性的黄酮类化合物,可对抗多种肝毒性模型.其中包括黄酮 (19)、黄酮醇 (30)、黄烷酮 (9)、异黄酮 (5) 和双黄酮 (2)。据报道,各种类黄酮具有多种保肝作用机制,包括黄酮和黄酮醇(促存活 ERK1/2 通路的上调;凋亡蛋白的下调,包括 Bax、Bcl-2、Bax、BH3、caspase-3、8 , 9等)、黄烷酮(下调NF-κB、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、iNOS等)、异黄酮(下调脂肪生成基因,如SREBP-1c、LXRα、RXRα 、PPARγ 和 ACC2,同时上调参与 β-氧化的基因,包括 AMPK 和 PPARα;抑制 CYP,如 CYP1A1、CYP1A2、CYP2B1、CYP2D6、CYP2E1 和 CYP3A1/2)。 结论:目前的工作证明了植物类黄酮对肝损伤的有效性。然而,需要对这些非常重要的细胞保护类黄酮的细胞毒性、药代动力学和作用机制进行更多研究。
关键词: 肝脏,保肝,类黄酮,肝损伤,疾病,药物开发。
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