COVID-19 Induces Cytokine Storm and Dysfunctional Hemostasis

Title:COVID-19 Induces Cytokine Storm and Dysfunctional Hemostasis

Volume: 23 Issue: 17

Author(s): Jermilia Charles and Victoria A. Ploplis*

Affiliation:

• W.M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA

Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coagulation, cytokine storm, inflammation, ARDS.

Abstract:

Background: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 leads to COVID-19 which can manifest in various ways from asymptomatic or mild disease to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The occurrence of dysregulated inflammatory responses in the form of a cytokine storm has been reported in patients with severe COVID-19. Infection can also lead to dysfunctional hemostasis reflected in elevated circulating D-dimer and fibrin degradation products. Components of hemostasis and the immune system during infection can result in a procoagulation and/or proinflammatory state. The interplay between coagulation and inflammation has been elucidated in a number of diseases.

Objective: In this article, we discuss the occurrence of cytokine storms and dysfunctional hemostasis induced in COVID-19.

Methods: This review was written using literature from the past two to three years investigating coagulation and inflammation in COVID-19. Additional literature, both clinical and basic research, related to pathogen infection and host responses were also considered in this review.

Results/Conclusions: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to dysregulated inflammatory responses that may be detrimental to the host. The increased expression of various inflammatory factors can ultimately create an environment that promotes thrombosis.

Cite this article as:

Charles Jermilia and Ploplis A. Victoria*, COVID-19 Induces Cytokine Storm and Dysfunctional Hemostasis, Current Drug Targets 2022; 23 (17) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450124666221025102929