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Current Drug Research Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 2589-9775
ISSN (Online): 2589-9783

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Review Article

Carbapenem Antibiotics: Recent Update on Synthesis and Pharmacological Activities

Author(s): Abhishek Tiwari*, Varsha Tiwari, Biswa Mohan Sahoo, Bimal Krishna Banik, Manish Kumar and Navneet Verma

Volume 15, Issue 1, 2023

Published on: 07 November, 2022

Page: [35 - 61] Pages: 27

DOI: 10.2174/2589977514666220907141939

Price: $65

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Abstract

Right from the breakthrough of carbapenems since 1976, many schemes on synthesis, structure-activity relationship (SAR), and biological activities have been carried out, and several carbapenems have been developed, including parentally active carbapenems like imipenem, doripenem, biapenem, meropenem, ertapenem, panipenem, razupenem, tomopenem, and cilastatin, whereas orally active carbapenems like GV-118819, GV-104326, CS-834, L-084, DZ-2640, CL 191, 121, L-646, 591, S-4661, ER-35768, MK-826. Prodrugs of carbapenem with increased bioavailability include temopenem, tebipenem, sanfetrinem, LK-157, and CP 5484. Merck, Glaxo Welcome Research Group, Johnson & Johnson, Sankyo Group and Dai-ichi Group, and Wyeth-Ayerst Group were among the businesses that produced carbapenems. In this review Witting reaction, Mitsunobu reaction, Dieckmann reaction, palladium-catalyzed hydrogenolysis, E. coli-based cloned synthesis, as well as biosynthetic enzymes such as carbapenem synthetase (carA), carboxymethylproline synthase (carB), carbapenem synthase (carC) are included. Carbapenems are biologically mainly active in the infections like urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, tuberculosis, intra-abdominal infections, and pathogens like anaerobes, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Keywords: Carbapenem, antibiotics, structure, chemistry, resistance, mechanism of action.

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