Title:Bioprinting: From Technique to Application in Tissue Engineering
and Regenerative Medicine
Volume: 23
Issue: 9
关键词:
生物材料、再生医学、生物墨水、增材制造、水凝胶、细胞分化。
摘要: Among the different approaches present in regenerative medicine and tissue
engineering, the one that has attracted the most interest in recent years is the possibility
of printing functional biological tissues. Bioprinting is a technique that has been applied
to create cellularized three-dimensional structures that mimic biological tissues and thus
allow their replacement. Hydrogels are interesting materials for this type of technique.
Hydrogels based on natural polymers are known due to their biocompatible properties,
in addition to being attractive biomaterials for cell encapsulation. They provide a threedimensional
aqueous environment with biologically relevant chemical and physical
signals, mimicking the natural environment of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Bioinks are
ink formulations that allow the printing of living cells. The controlled deposition of
biomaterials by bioinks needs to maintain cell viability and offer specific biochemical and
physical stimuli capable of guiding cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. In this
work, we analyze the theoretical and practical issues of bioprinting, citing currently used
methods, their advantages, and limitations. We present some important molecules that
have been used to compose bioinks, as well as the cellular responses that have been
observed in different tissues. Finally, we indicate future perspectives of the method.
