Cancer Stem Cells and Chemoresistance in Ewing Sarcoma

Rafael   Pereira   dos Santos; Rafael      Roesler; Lauro      Gregianin; André   T.   Brunetto; Mariane      da Cunha Jaeger; Algemir      Lunardi Brunetto; Caroline   Brunetto   de Farias
doi:10.2174/1574888X17666220627114710
Abstract

Resistance to chemotherapy poses a major challenge for cancer treatment. Reactivating a stem cell program resembling that seen in embryonic development can lead cancer cells to acquire a stem-cell phenotype characterized by expression of stemness genes, pluripotency, high self-renewal ability, and tumor-initiating capability. These cancer stem cells (CSCs) are usually resistant to anticancer drugs and are likely involved in treatment failure in many cancer types. Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a pediatric cancer type typically resulting from a typical genetic alteration affecting bone or soft tissues. Despite advances in treatment, survival prognostic remains poor for patients with refractory or recurrent disease. Here, we review the increasing evidence indicating that ES tumors contain a CSC subpopulation expressing stem cell genes, including BM1, OCT3/4, NANOG, and SOX2, that plays a role in resistance to drug treatment, and current experimental strategies that successfully counteract chemoresistance mediated by CSCs in ES.
Keywords: Ewing sarcoma, sarcoma, pediatric cancer, chemoresistance, cancer stem cell, stem cell.
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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574888X17666220627114710	Print ISSN 1574-888X
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 2212-3946
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Cancer Stem Cells and Chemoresistance in Ewing Sarcoma

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