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Current Diabetes Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 1573-3998
ISSN (Online): 1875-6417

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Research Article

MTHFR Polymorphisms and Cardiac Parameters in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy

Author(s): João Otávio Scarano Alcântara*, Caroline Severo de Assis, Tainá Gomes Diniz, Vanessa Polyana de Sousa Brito, Yohanna de Oliveira, Alexandre Sérgio Silva, Isabella Wanderley de Queiroga Evangelista, Fagner Dayan de Lima Gomes, Enéas Ricardo de Morais Gomes, Valério Marcelo Vasconcelos do Nascimento, Rafaela Lira Formiga Cavalcanti de Lima and Darlene Camati Persuhn

Volume 19, Issue 3, 2023

Published on: 10 August, 2022

Article ID: e250522205236 Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666220525103323

Price: $65

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Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is directly associated with cardiovascular dysfunctions and microvascular complications, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). The association between DR and increased risks of developing cardiovascular diseases has been described. The low activity of the Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of homocysteine, can lead to hyperhomocysteinemia that has already been related to cardiac outcomes and resistance to insulin. The A1298C and C677T polymorphisms in the MTHFR can reduce enzyme activity.

Objective: The study aims to analyze the association between MTHFR genotypes and cardiac parameters in patients with DR.

Methods: DM patients diagnosed with DR (n=65) were categorized and compared according to MTHFR genotypes A1298C (AA and AC+CC groups) and C677T (CC and CT+TT) groups; biochemical, cardiological, anthropometric, genetic, lifestyle and vitamin B9 and B12 consumption variables. Fischer's exact test and Poisson regression were performed to assess the relationship between variables.

Results: Comparing echocardiographic and electrocardiogram parameters within genotypic groups, we found a significant association between left atrial dilation and C677T polymorphism. Left atrium diameter was higher in the T allele carriers (CT+TT group), with a prevalence ratio of 0.912. This association was confirmed in the regression model, including confounding variables. The other cardiac structural and functional parameters studied were not significantly associated with the A1298C or C677T genotypes.

Conclusion: The MTHFR C677T genotype may contribute to atrial remodeling in RD patients. We found an association between the diameter of the left atrium and the T allele of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in patients with DR.

Keywords: Diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, MTHFR, left atrium, polymorphisms, cardiovascular system.

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