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Current Diabetes Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 1573-3998
ISSN (Online): 1875-6417

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Meta-Analysis

Association between ABO Blood Groups and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis

Author(s): Earl Adriane Cano, Marion Agatha Esguerra*, Ariane Michaela Batausa, Jessica Rose Baluyut, Ria Cadiz, Hewmy Franci Docto, Jose Ramir Encabo, Reena Mae Gomez and Maria Gina Sadang

Volume 19, Issue 6, 2023

Published on: 11 August, 2022

Article ID: e270422204139 Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666220427124448

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: The role of the ABO blood group goes beyond immunohematology as there is accumulating evidence on its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, findings regarding the relation have been contradictory and there is a need to determine the validity of claims.

Objective: Evaluate the susceptibility of the ABO blood groups to type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Method: The research design is a meta-analysis. An extensive search was done in PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar. Heterogeneity was determined through Cochran’s Q test and I2 index. Random-effects model was used to measure the risk ratio and confidence intervals. Evaluation of publication bias was done using the funnel plot method; further supported by Egger’s linear regression test and Begg’s test.

Results: The relative susceptibility of ABO blood groups to type 2 diabetes mellitus differs for blood type A (Relative risk [RR] = 1.05, 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.18), blood type B (RR = 1.03, 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.18), blood type AB (RR = 1.25, 95% CI, 0.78 to 1.99), and blood type O (RR = 1.11, 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.48). The highest risk of acquiring the disease was seen in type AB individuals, while the lowest risk was seen in type B individuals.

Conclusion: A significant association was found between ABO blood groups and type 2 diabetes mellitus. ABO phenotype can therefore be considered a possible risk factor or potential genetic determinant of the disease, which can be used to improve diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, ABO blood group system, blood type, relative risk, gestational diabetes.

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