Title:Kappa/Lambda light-chain typing in Alzheimer’s Disease
Volume: 19
Issue: 1
Author(s): Zelal Zuhal Kaya, Mete Bora Tuzuner, Betul Sahin, Emel Akgun, Fehime Aksungar, Sebile Koca, Muhittin Serdar, Sevki Sahin, Nilgun Cinar, Sibel Karsidag, Hasmet Ayhan Hanagasi, Meltem Kilercik, Mustafa Serteser and Ahmet Tari k Baykal
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Alzheimer's disease, MALDI-TOF-MS, screening tool, microaffinity chromatography, affinity capture resins, kappa light chain, ratio, lambda light chain ratio.
Abstract: Background: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized
by memory loss and cognitive impairment. The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease according to symptomatic
events is still a puzzling task. Developing a biomarker-based, low-cost, and high-throughput
test, readily applicable in clinical laboratories, dramatically impacts the rapid and reliable detection of
the disease.
Objective: This study aimed to develop an accurate, sensitive, and reliable screening tool for diagnosing
Alzheimer's disease, which can significantly reduce the cost and time of existing methods.
Methods: We have employed a MALDI-TOF-MS-based methodology combined with a microaffinity
chromatography enrichment approach using affinity capture resins to determine serum kappa (κ) and
lambda (λ) light chain levels in control and patients with AD.
Results: We observed a statistically significant difference in the kappa light chain over lambda light
chain (κLC/λLC) ratios between patients with AD and controls (mean difference -0,409; % 95 CI:-
0.547 to -0.269; p<0.001). Our method demonstrated higher sensitivity (100.00%) and specificity
(71.43%) for discrimination between AD and controls.
Conclusion: We have developed a high-throughput screening test with a novel sample enrichment
method for determining κLC/λLC ratios associated with AD diagnosis. Following further validation, we
believe our test has the potential for clinical laboratories.
