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摘要
所有细胞和细胞内成分都经过改造和回收,以替换旧的和受损的细胞。自噬是在溶酶体中降解受损和不需要的细胞的过程。存在三种不同类型的自噬:巨自噬、微自噬和分子伴侣介导的自噬。自噬对适应性和先天性免疫、任何肿瘤的抑制以及各种微生物病原体的消除都有影响。自噬过程既有积极影响也有消极影响,这与任何特定疾病或其进展阶段有关。自噬涉及由各种信号通路控制的各种过程,例如 Jun N 末端激酶、GSK3、ERK1、富含亮氨酸的重复激酶 2 和 PTEN 诱导的推定激酶 1 和 parkin RBR E3。蛋白激酶对于调节自噬也很重要,因为它们通过激活或抑制调节自噬过程。本综述讨论了激酶催化的磷酸化反应、激酶抑制剂、蛋白激酶抑制剂的类型及其与蛋白激酶结构域的结合特性、活性和非活性激酶的结构以及活性和非活性蛋白激酶结构域中的疏水脊柱结构。通过靶向特定激酶干预自噬可能构成许多疾病治疗的中流砥柱,并引领未来药物发现之路。
关键词: 自噬、信号通路、激酶抑制剂、药物输送、细胞降解、分子概念
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