Title:Perinatal Exposure to Bisphenol A and Developmental Programming
of the Cardiovascular Changes in the Offspring
Volume: 29
Issue: 24
Author(s): S. Rao Sirasanagandla, Isehaq Al-Huseini, R.G. Sumesh Sofin and Srijit Das*
Affiliation:
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos
University, Muscat, Al-Khodh 123, Oman
Keywords:
Bisphenol A, toxic, cardiovascular system, developmental programming, epigenetics, bisphenol S.
Abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial ubiquitous compound, frequently used to
produce synthetic polymers and epoxy resins. BPA is a well-recognized endocrine disruptor
and xenoestrogen compound. Evidence from epidemiological and experimental
studies suggests that perinatal BPA exposure (gestation and/or lactation) increases the
risk of developing various diseases, including the cardiovascular system. Developmental
programming refers to environmental insults during the critical window of development
that affect the structure and physiology of body systems, causing permanent changes in
later stages. BPA influences the developmental programming of non-communicable diseases
in the offspring. In the present review, we discuss the developmental programming
of cardiovascular diseases related to perinatal exposure to BPA, supported by epidemiological
and experimental evidence from published literature. The majority of the reported
studies found a positive association between perinatal BPA exposure and adverse cardiovascular
repercussions in the fetal, neonatal, and adulthood stages. The possible underlying
mechanisms include epigenetic modifications of genes involved in cardiac muscle development,
autonomic tone, collagenous and non-collagenous extracellular matrix, cardiac
remodeling and calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial energy metabolism. Epigenetics
can modify the outcome of any disease. Hence, in the present review, we also discuss
the role of epigenetics in preventing cardiovascular diseases following perinatal exposure
to BPA. We also highlight how future treatment and drug delivery related to cardiovascular
involvement could be based on epigenetic markers.
