![conference banner](/images/conference-banner.jpeg)
Abstract
Introduction: Onychomycosis, also called tinea unguium, is a common fungal infection affecting the nails. After dermatophytes, Candida species are recognized as second-line pathogens responsible for this infection. The treatment of onychomycosis requires a long time and is associated with high rates of recurrence. Antifungal medicines conjugated with gold (Au-NP) nanoparticle are the possible platforms for the reduction of drug resistance.
Methods: In the present study, we reported the in-vitro antifungal activity of itraconazole (ITZ) – Au conjugates, time-kill studies, and biofilm-producing ability of six ITZ-resistant C. glabrata.
Results: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) quantitative results revealed that four out of six resistant isolates studied able to form biofilms in vitro. ITZ-Au conjugates were more effective than ITZ or Au nanoparticle alone, and the time-kill tests pointed to the suitable effect of ITZ-Au conjugate.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that ITZ-Au conjugates have an inhibitory effect on the biofilm of resistant C. glabrata isolates. Further studies are needed to compare the ex-vivo onychomycosis model.
Keywords: Candida glabrata, biofilm, nanoparticles, onychomycosis, itraconazole, drug resistance.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11046-009-9212-x] [PMID: 19484505]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0966-842X(01)02094-7] [PMID: 11435107]
[PMID: 14723249]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1203475417716362] [PMID: 28639462]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104240] [PMID: 32906036]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000051643] [PMID: 11385230]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2020.100949] [PMID: 32234349]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211738507666190228104031] [PMID: 31092174]
[PMID: 25053979]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/myc.12093] [PMID: 23773119]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157341312801784311]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10123-018-00043-3] [PMID: 30810990]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajps.2019.70234]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.38.8.2949-2954.2000] [PMID: 10921957]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2019.02.003] [PMID: 30871787]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1567-1364.2007.00347.x] [PMID: 18248413]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0732-8893(02)00361-9] [PMID: 12052624]
[PMID: 28040821]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.70.2.110] [PMID: 12636343]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-3083.2002.00378.x] [PMID: 11952286]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2016.01.008] [PMID: 27012826]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10408410903241436] [PMID: 19863383]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-481X.2011.00836.x] [PMID: 21973162]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1001.030119] [PMID: 15078591]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkn515] [PMID: 19098294]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mjd.2002.124699] [PMID: 12271316]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0190-9622(97)70286-X] [PMID: 9039174]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-4362.1998.00360.x] [PMID: 9585906]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-4362.1997.00025.x] [PMID: 9071625]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03229.x] [PMID: 2846030]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10534-008-9159-2] [PMID: 18769871]
[PMID: 23968285]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep26667] [PMID: 27220400]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2012.09.069]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/nnm.10.68] [PMID: 20874019]
![Wayfinder Image](/images/wayfinder.jpg)