Title:Trimethoxy Crown Chalcones as Multifunctional Class of Monoamine
Oxidase Enzyme Inhibitors
Volume: 25
Issue: 8
Author(s): Naseer Maliyakkal*, Ipek Baysal, Anandkumar Tengli, Gulberk Ucar*, Mohammad Ali Abdullah Almoyad, Della Grace Thomas Parambi, Nicola Gambacorta, Orazio Nicolotti, Asmy Appadath Beeran and Bijo Mathew*
Affiliation:
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Khamis Mushyt, King Khalid
University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Health Science Campus, Kochi-682
041, India
Keywords:
Chalcones, monoamine oxidase, reversibility, cytotoxicity, blood-brain barrier, antioxidant.
Abstract:
Background: Chalcones with methoxy substituent are considered as a promising
framework for the inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes.
Methods: A series of nine trimethoxy substituted chalcones (TMa-TMi) was synthesized and
evaluated as a multifunctional class of MAO inhibitors. All the synthesized compounds were
investigated for their in vitro MAO inhibition, kinetics, reversibility, blood-brain barrier (BBB)
permeation, and cytotoxicity and antioxidant potentials.
Results: In the present study, compound (2E)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-
2-en-1-one (TMf) was provided with a MAO-A inhibition constant value equal to 3.47±0.09 μM
with a selectivity of 0.008, thus comparable to that of moclobemide, a well known potent hMAOA
inhibitor (SI=0.010). Compound (2E)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-
en-1-one (TMh) show good MAO-B inhibition with inhibition constant of 0.46±0.009 μM. The
PAMPA assay demonstrated that all the synthesized derivatives can cross the BBB successfully.
The cytotoxicity studies revealed that TMf and TMh have 88.22 and 80.18 % cell viability at 25
μM. Compound TMf appeared as the most promising antioxidant molecule with IC50 values,
relative to DPPH and H2O2 radical activities equal to 6.02±0.17 and 7.25±0.07 μM. To shed light
on the molecular interactions of TMf and TMh towards MAO-A and MAO-B, molecular docking
simulations and MM/GBSA calculations have been carried out.
Conclusion: The lead molecules TMf and TMh with multi-functional nature can be further
employed for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders and depressive states.