Title:Arachidonic Acid Metabolites in Neurologic Disorders
Volume: 21
Issue: 2
Author(s): Oguzhan Kursun, Hulya Karatas, Hulagu Bariskaner and Serefnur Ozturk*
Affiliation:
- Department of Neurology, Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Konya,
Turkey
Keywords:
Arachidonic acid, COX, LOX, stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, PGs.
Abstract: Background and Objective: Arachidonic acid (ARA) is essential for the fluidity, selective
permeability, and flexibility of the cell membrane. It is an important factor for the function of
all cells, particularly in the nervous system, immune system, and vascular endothelium. ARA is the
second most common polyunsaturated fatty acid in the phospholipids of the nerve cell membrane
after docosahexaenoic acid. ARA metabolites have many kinds of physiologic roles. The major action
of ARA metabolites is the promotion of the acute inflammatory response, mediated by the production
of pro-inflammatory mediators such as PGE2 and PGI2, followed by the formation of lipid
mediators, which have pro-resolving effects. Another important action of ARA derivatives, especially
COX, is the regulation of vascular reactivity through PGs and TXA2. There is significant involvement
of ARA metabolites in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease,
Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and neuropsychiatric disorders. ARA derivatives
also make an important contribution to acute stroke, global ischemia, subarachnoid hemorrhage,
and anticoagulation-related hemorrhagic transformation.
Conclusion: In this review, we have discussed experimental and human study results of neurologic
disorders related to ARA and its metabolites in line with treatment options.